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FLASH GENE
Symbol LOXL2 contributors: mct - updated : 22-08-2011
HGNC name lysyl oxidase-like 2
HGNC id 6666
Location 8p21.3      Physical location : 23.154.409 - 23.261.722
Synonym name
  • lysyl oxidase related 2
    • Synonym symbol(s) LOR2, WS9-14
    EC.number 1.4.3.13
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 107.31 kb     14 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
    Map pter - D8S280 - D8S282 - D8S1739 ,LOXL2 - D8S1725 - D8S278 - qter
    Authors Jourdan-Lesaux (98)
    Physical map
    POLR3D 8q21 polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide D, 44kDa PIWIL2 8p21.2 piwi-like 2 (Drosophila) SLC39A14 8p21.2 solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 14 PPP3CC 8p21.2 protein phosphatase 3 (formerly 2B), catalytic subunit, gamma isoform (calcineurin A gamma) LOC389639 8 LOC389639 SCAM-1 8p21.2 vinexin beta (SH3-containing adaptor molecule-1) PDLIM2 8p21.2 PDZ and LIM domain 2 (mystique) DBC-1 8p22 p30 DBC protein BIN3 8p21.2 bridging integrator 3 FLJ14107 8p21.2 hypothetical protein FLJ14107 EGR3 8p23-p21 early growth response 3 MGC22776 8p21.2 hypothetical protein MGC22776 RHOBTB2 8p21.2 Rho-related BTB domain containing 2 TNFRSF10B 8p21 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10b LOC389640 8 LOC389640 TNFRSF10C 8p21 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10c, decoy without an intracellular domain TNFRSF10D 8p21 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10d, decoy with truncated death domain TNFRSF10A 8p21 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10a LOC389641 8 hypothetical gene supported by AK124295 MGC29816 8p21.2 hypothetical protein MGC29816 LOC203069 8p21.2 hypothetical protein LOC203069 LOXL2 8p21.3-p21.2 lysyl oxidase-like 2 LYSAL1 8p22-p21.3 lysosomal apyrase-like 1 MSCP 8p21.2 mitochondrial solute carrier protein PRO1496 8p21.2 hypothetical protein PRO1496 LOC389642 8 LOC389642 NKX3-1 8p21 NK3 transcription factor related, locus 1 (Drosophila) LOC137814 8p21.2 similar to homeobox protein NKX2-6 STC1 8p21-p11.2 stanniocalcin 1
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    14 - 3810 - 774 - 2001 11642359
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Reproductivefemale systemuteruscervix highly
     male systemprostate   
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectivebone  highly
    Muscularstriatumskeletal highly
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    not specificchondrocyte Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • four scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) domains in the N-terminus
  • sharing extensive homology with the conserved copper-binding and catalytic domains of LOX but lacking a signal sequence
    • conjugated MetalloP
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY lysyl oxidase family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • extracellular, copper-dependent enzyme that initiates the cross-linking of collagens and elastin by catalyzing the oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine to alpha-aminoadipic-delta-semialdehyde
  • plays an essential role in the formation of extracellular matrix and connective tissue
  • plays a part in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by stabilizing the transcription factor SNAI1
  • functions as an amine oxidase for formation of lysine-derived cross-links found in collagen and elastin
  • promotes invasion in breast cancer by regulating the expression and activity of the extracellular proteins tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9)
  • induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and promotes invasiveness
  • its expression is required for ATDC5 chondrocyte cell line differentiation through regulation of SNAIL and SOX9, important transcription factors that control chondrocyte differentiation
  • promotes chondrocyte differentiation by mechanisms that are likely to include roles as both a regulator and an effector of chondrocyte differentiation
  • likely playing a vital role in chondrogenesis
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding, other,
  • copper Cu2+
  • lysine tyrosylquinone
    • protein interacts and cooperates with SNAI1, a transcription factor, to down-regulate E-cadherin expression that might play a role in tumor progression
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other its expression is regulated in a temporal manner during fracture repair
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in metastatic breast cancer-derived cell lines
    tumoral     --over  
    in colon and esophageal cancer and may contribute to tumor progression
    tumoral     --over  
    is a frequent event in gastric carcinoma progression (
    tumoral       gain of function
    one of the most highly and specifically upregulated genes in pancreatic cancer
    Susceptibility to intracranial aneurysm
    Variant & Polymorphism SNP SNP7 showed an empirically significant association with intracranial aneurysm
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerreproductivebreast
    development of anti-LOXL2 therapeutics for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer
    cancerdigestivestomach
    may be a therapeutic target for preventing and treating metastases
    cancer  
    antibody allosteric modulators of enzymatic function represent a novel useful therapeutics in oncology
    immunologyinflammatory 
    antibody allosteric modulators of enzymatic function represent a novel useful therapeutics in inflammation
    cancerdigestivepancreas
    improved response toward chemotherapy in LOXL2-silenced pancreatic cancer cells is possibly mediated by the transcription factor E2F5
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS