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FLASH GENE
Symbol IRGM contributors: mct - updated : 04-07-2011
HGNC name immunity-related GTPase family, M
HGNC id 29597
Location 5q33.1      Physical location : 150.226.084 - 150.228.229
Synonym symbol(s) LRG47, LRG-47, IFI1, IRGM1
DNA
TYPE like-sequence
STRUCTURE 2.15 kb     2 Exon(s)
regulatory sequence Promoter
text structure
  • in 1.7 kb IRGM promoter region, only -1208A/G polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis (
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    2 - 1659 - 181 - 2010 21102437
  • IRGMa
  • - - - - 214 - 2010 21102437
  • IRGM isoform that does not bind to cardiolipin had diffuse cytosolic distribution and no mitochondrial phenotypes
  • - - - - 214 - 2010 21102437
    - - - - 202 - 2010 21102437
  • selective binding to the mitochondria-specific lipid cardiolipin
  • in addition to inducing mitochondrial fission and autophagy, can cause mitochondrial depolarization and cell death in cooperation with other mitochondrial fission factors
  • - - - - 195 - 2010 21102437
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • family of gamma-interferon-induced GTP-binding proteins
  • CATEGORY immunity/defense
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    text
  • IRGM translocates to mitochondria where it regulates autophagy in association with mitochondrial fission
  • basic FUNCTION
  • playing a role in autophagy and in the reduction of intracellular bacillary load
  • plays a major role in maintaining T lymphocyte homeostasis during host IFN gamma responses by protecting these cells from autophagy-dependent cell death
  • play an important role in defense against intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis by regulating autophagy
  • playing a role in defense against intracellular pathogens
  • important role of the IRGM gene in autophagy and Crohn disease in response to pathogenesis
  • influenced mitochondrial membrane polarization and cell death
  • having a direct role in mitochondrial morphology, rather than functioning indirectly, through inhibition of autophagy or mitofusins
  • powerful negative regulator of IFN-dependent stimulation in hematopoietic stem cells, with an essential role in preserving hematopoietic stem cell number and function
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
  • to Crohn disease
  • to tuberculosis
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • increasing the risk of Crohn disease
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyautoimmunemultiple sclerosis
    blockade of IRGM may be a potential therapeutic strategy for halting multiple sclerosis
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Lrg47-deficient mice had acute susceptibility to infection with the intracellular Toxoplasma gondii parasite, as well as increased susceptibility to infection with the Listeria monocytogenes bacterium
  • Irgm1 was robustly elevated in MS-affected lesions and in the central nervous system (CNS) of myelin basic protein (MBP)-induced EAE mice, especially in cells of lymphoid and mononuclear phagocyte origin