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FLASH GENE
Symbol IDO1 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 19-06-2017
HGNC name indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
HGNC id 6059
Location 8p11.21      Physical location : 39.771.327 - 39.785.945
Synonym name
  • indole 2.3-dioxygenase
  • indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase
  • Synonym symbol(s) IDO, CD107B, INDO
    EC.number 1.13.11.52
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 14.62 kb     10 Exon(s)    1 Copie(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    10 - 1572 45.3 403 - de Sousa (2007)
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
    constitutive of
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestivepharynx   highly
    Reproductivefemale systemplacenta  highly
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Ido
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family
  • CATEGORY enzyme , transport carrier
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
    basic FUNCTION
  • catalyzing the degradation of the essential amino acid L-tryptophan to N-formylkynurenine
  • heme-containing enzyme, which catalyzes the initial and rate-determining step of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) metabolism via the kynurenine pathway (Lu 2009)
  • plays an important role in immune escape through suppressing T-cell function (Li 2009)
  • catalyzing the cleavage of the pyrrol ring of tryptophan and incorporates both atoms of a molecule of oxygen
  • suppresses T-cell responses and promotes immune tolerance in mammalian pregnancy, tumour resistance, chronic infection, autoimmunity and allergic inflammation
  • acting as a bridge between dendritic cells and CD4+ regulatory T cells
  • metabolizing tryptophan to N-formyl-kynurenine under certain pathophysiological conditions (Hofmann 2010)
  • might be involved in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis, morbid obesity and chronic heart disease (Hofmann 2010)
  • role for IDO1 in the regulation of blood pressure, although the contribution of IDO1 to sepsis-induced hypotension is smaller that that of NOS2 (Hofmann 2010)
  • contributes to arterial vessel relaxation and the control of blood pressure (Wang 2010)
  • having role in retinal pigment epithelial cell-mediated immune modulation (Park 2010)
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    NOS2 and IDO1 pathways are implicated in antimicrobial activities, antitumor defense, neuropathology and immune regulation (Hofmann 2010)
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor,
  • binds 1 heme group per subunit
  • protein
  • interacting with PRDM1 (PRDM1 binds to IFN-responsive sites in the IDO1 promoter, represses IFN-dependent IDO1 activationand can act in a negative feedback loop to successfully balance the outcome of tolerance vs inflammation) (Barnes 2009)
  • interacting with VAV1 (inhibitory effects of IDO1 on T cell immune responses may be through downregulation of VAV1 protein expression and activation) (Li 2009)
  • critical link between AHR and IDO1 in the development of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells, which are key factors in a variety of human autoimmune diseases
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by interferon gamma, in pancreatic islets
    proinflammatory cytokines and by CTLA-4-expressing T cells (constitutes an important mediator of peripheral immune tolerance)
    cytokines and endotoxin with NOS2 in the vascular endothelium (Hofmann 2010)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in hepatitis C virus infection
    constitutional     --low  
    its inhibition can ameliorate hypotension in the setting of systemic inflammation (Wang 2010)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target would make a promising target for therapies to treat malaria infection and endotoxemia (Hoffman 2010)
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    in mice, Ido has a key role in the hypotension caused by systemic inflammation due to malaria infection and endotoxemia (Hoffman 2010)
  • potential therapeutic strategy for the regulation of vascular tone in hypertension, through manipulation of the activity of IDO1 or the concentrations of tryptophan and kynurenine in the vasculature (Wang 2010)