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FLASH GENE
Symbol GYPA contributors: mct - updated : 28-11-2018
HGNC name glycophorin A (MNS blood group)
HGNC id 4702
Corresponding disease
MNS MNS blood group
Location 4q31.21      Physical location : 145.030.456 - 145.061.904
Synonym name
  • glycophorin A, including the stone (Sta)
  • erythroid-lineage-specific membrane sialoglycoprotein
  • glycophorin SAT
  • glycophorin Sta type C
  • recombinant glycophorin A-B Miltenberger-DR
  • sialoglycoprotein alpha
  • Synonym symbol(s) GLPA, CD235a, GPA, GPErik, GPSAT, HGpMiV, HGpMiXI, HGpSta(C), MN, MNS, PAS-2
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 31.55 kb     7 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
    Map 5' - GYPA - GYPB - GYPE - 3'
    Authors Onda (95)
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    6 - 2606 - 117 - 2016 27580023
    6 - 2666 - 137 - 2016 27580023
    7 - 2705 - 150 - 2016 27580023
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticerthrocyte
    Blood/Hematopoieticerythroid
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period fetal
    Text spleen,eye
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • variant antigen associated either with a splicing mutation of GYPA or a hybrid formation between GYPA and GYPB or between GYPA and GYPE
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY glycophorin A family
    CATEGORY antigen
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    text
  • erythrocytes membrane
  • GYPA was localized at the cell surface, but also localized to the Golgi
  • basic FUNCTION
  • having MN blood group receptors and also binding influenza virus
  • GYPA has an essential role in the expression of O-linked antigens on the erythrocyte membrane protein 9)
  • is a sialoglycoprotein that associates with SLC4A1 in erythrocytes forming the Wrb (Wright b) blood group antigen
  • critical glycosylated residues in exon three of erythrocyte GYPA engage Plasmodium falciparum EBA-175
  • GYPA, GYPB receptor are of greater importance than the GYPC receptor, supporting a hierarchy of erythrocyte receptor usage in P. falciparum
  • has been subject to balancing selection in populations living in malaria endemic areas and in Europeans, but no such evidence was found in samples from East Asia, Oceania, and the Americas
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • major protein constituent of erythrocyte membrane
  • SLC4A1 and GYPA form a complex in the ER of human K562 cells, but that both proteins can also traffic to the cell surface independently of each other
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • interactions of GPA and other glycoproteins may contribute to maintaining the physical strength of the erythrocyte membrane
  • serves as the major binding site for the 175-kD erythrocyte-binding antigen (EB-175) of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium falciparum
  • DUP4 is a complex structural genomic variant that carries extra copies of GYPA-GYPB fusion gene and has a dramatic effect on malaria risk by reducing the risk of severe malaria by up to 40p100
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MNS
    related resource Blood Group Antigen Mutation Database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    is a host defense mechanism against rotavirus infection
    Susceptibility
  • to variable risk of severe malaria
  • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • stone (Sta) variant antigen associated either with a splicing mutation of GPA or a hybrid formation between GYPA and GYPB or between GYPA and GPYE
  • serologically distinct blood group antigen known as Dantu, reduces the risk of severe malaria by 40p100 and has recently increased in frequency in est Africa
  • DUP4 variant Dantu confers a clinically important protective effect, with carriers &
  • 8764;40p100 less likely to develop cerebral malaria
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS