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FLASH GENE

Symbol

GPHA2

contributors: mlc - updated : 15-12-2007

HGNC name	glycoprotein hormone alpha 2
HGNC id	18054

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Location	11q13.1      Physical location : 64.701.944 - 64.703.360
Synonym name	cysteine knot protein
Synonym symbol(s)	GPA2, ZSIG51, 2A5B, MGC126572

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	1.00 kb     4 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

regulatory sequence	Promoter
text structure	presence of silencer elements upstream and downstream of the promoter

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

N

status

provisional

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

identification nb exons type bp product Protein kDa AA specific expression Year Pubmed variant 1 4 - 774 - 129 - Suzuki (2007)

EXPRESSION

Type	restricted

constitutive of

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Endocrine neuroendocrine pituitary     highly   pancreas       highly Reproductive male system testis       Respiratory lung         Visual eye uvea

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Epithelial barrier/lining retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)     Nervous central       Nervous peripherous

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	a 23-amino acid signal peptide at its N terminus
	a potential binding site for the LIM homeodomain transcription factor ISL1
	10 cysteine residues likely involved in cystine-knot formation

conjugated

GlycoP

HOMOLOGY

Homologene

FAMILY

phosphatase 2a regulatory subunit b family.

CATEGORY

regulatory

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,cytoplasm

basic FUNCTION	my be directing the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment
	may serve as a scaffold for the beta-subunit to activate downstream G protein-mediated signaling

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

two unique subunits, A2 and B5 (heterodimerize to form a novel thyrotrophic hormone, thyrostimulin)

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein

cell & other

REGULATION

activated by

ISL1 (this protein associates with endocrine systems including the pituitary and pancreas)

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS