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FLASH GENE
Symbol GCK contributors: npt/ - updated : 09-12-2006
HGNC name glucokinase (hexokinase 4)
HGNC id 4195
Corresponding disease
GCK familial hyperinsulinism
MODY2 maturity onset diabetes of the young, type II
PNDM1 permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1
Location 7p13      Physical location : 44.183.869 - 44.229.022
Synonym name
  • glucokinase (hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2)
  • ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase
  • hexokinase D, pancreatic isozyme
    • Synonym symbol(s) HK4, GK, GLK, HHF3, HKIV, HXKP
    EC.number 2.7.1.1
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 45.15 kb     10 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked Y status provisional
    Map pter - TRGC1 ,TRGC2 - D7S65 - GCK GCK - D7S57 - D7S74 - D7S9 - cen
    Authors Mishra (92)
    Physical map
    HIP-55 7p13 src homology 3 domain-containing protein HIP-55 LOC393058 7 similar to OG-2 homeodomain protein-like; similar to U65067 (PID:g1575526) PGAM2 7p13-p12 phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (muscle) POLM 7p13 polymerase (DNA directed), mu LOC393059 7 similar to peptidyl-Pro cis trans isomerase AEBP1 7p15.1 AE binding protein 1 TPK1 7q34 thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 POLD2 7p15.1 polymerase (DNA directed), delta 2, regulatory subunit 50kDa BLVRA 7p14-cen biliverdin reductase A MYL7 7p21-p11.2 myosin, light polypeptide 7, regulatory GCK 7p14-p13 glucokinase (hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2) YKT6 7p15.1 SNARE protein Ykt6 CAMK2B 7p13 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta MRPS24 7p14 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S24 URG4 7p13 up-regulated gene 4 LOC51619 7p13 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme HBUCE1 LOC389486 7 similar to RAS p21 protein activator 4; GTPase activating protein-like; Ca2+-promoted Ras inactivator; calcium-promoted Ras inactivator WBSCR19 7q11.23 Williams Beuren syndrome chromosome region 19 KIAA1068 7p13-p12 Williams Beuren syndrome chromosome region 19 LOC392023 7 similar to RasGAP-activating-like protein 2 (Calcium-promoted Ras inactivator) HIP-55 7p13 src homology 3 domain-containing protein HIP-55 PGAM2 7p13-p12 phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (muscle) POLM 7p13 polymerase (DNA directed), mu AEBP1 7p15.1 AE binding protein 1 POLD2 7p15.1 polymerase (DNA directed), delta 2, regulatory subunit 50kDa MYL7 7p21-p11.2 myosin, light polypeptide 7, regulatory NPC1L1 7p13 NPC1 (Niemann-Pick disease, type C1, gene)-like 1 GCK 7p14-p13 glucokinase (hexokinase 4, maturity onset diabetes of the young 2) DDX56 7p13 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 56 YKT6 7p15.1 SNARE protein Ykt6 HNLF 7p13 putative NFkB activating protein HNLF CAMK2B 7p13 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II beta OGDH 7p14-p13 oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase (lipoamide) LOC393060 7 similar to Importin alpha-2 subunit (Karyopherin alpha-2 subunit) (SRP1-alpha) (RAG cohort protein 1) LOC393061 7 similar to ribosomal protein L7 DKFZp761I2123 7p13 hypothetical protein DKFZp761I2123 KIAA1068 7p13-p12 hypothetical protein DKFZp761I2123 PPIA 7p13-p11.2 peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) H2AV 7p13 H2A histone family, member V NPC1L1 7p13 NPC1 (Niemann-Pick disease, type C1, gene)-like 1 PURB 7p13 purine-rich element binding protein B DDX56 7p13 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 56
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    text
  • use of alternative promoters apparently enables the type IV hexokinase gene
    • to be regulated by insulin in the liver and glucose in the beta cell . constituting an important feedback loop for maintaining glucose homeostasis
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    - - 2741 - 465 expressed specifically in pancreatic islet beta cells -
    - - 2442 - 466 major in liver -
    - - 2566 - 464 minor form expressed in liver -
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
    constitutive of
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver    
    Endocrineneuroendocrinepituitary   
     pancreas    
    Lymphoid/Immunelymph node    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose   
    Epithelialsecretoryglandularendocrine 
    Epithelialsecretoryglandularexocrine 
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...)
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,outer
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    basic FUNCTION
  • provide G6P for the synthesis of glycogen
  • pancreatic glucokinase plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion
  • glucose specific, primary regulator of glucose-controlled insulin secretion, catalyzing the first step of glycolysis, energy pathway
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    repressed by palmitate
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) GCK , MODY2 , PNDM1
    related resource MITOP database
    Susceptibility
  • to NIDDM1
  • to sudden and unexpected death
    • Variant & Polymorphism other polymorphisms increasing the risk of sudden and unexpected death
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS