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FLASH GENE
Symbol GAPDHS contributors: mct - updated : 04-06-2020
HGNC name glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic
HGNC id 24864
Location 19q13.12      Physical location : 36.024.313 - 36.036.221
Synonym name
  • glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific
  • sperm-specific glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  • Synonym symbol(s) GAPD2, GAPDH-2, GAPDS, HEL-S-278, HSD-35
    EC.number 1.2.1.12
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 11.86 kb     11 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    11 - 1492 - 408 - 2002 11813264
    EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrain   moderately
    Reproductivemale systemtestis  highly
    Skin/Tegumentskin   predominantly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Epithelialbarrier/liningretinal pigment epithelium (RPE)  
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Reproductivespermatozoa Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a 72-amino acid proline-rich N-terminal segment
  • the substrate-binding site
  • NAD+ cofactor-binding pocket
  • mono polymer homomer , tetramer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to rattus Gapds
    ortholog to murine Gapdhs
    Homologene
    FAMILY glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • may be involved in glycolysis
  • acting as a positive regulator of glycolysis
  • may play an important role in regulating the switch between different pathways for energy production during spermiogenesis and in the spermatozoa
  • high stability of the sperm-specific GAPDS is of importance for the efficiency of fertilization
  • required for sperm motility and male fertility
  • glycolytic enzyme essential for the survival of spermatozoa
  • important enzyme for energy metabolism and the production of ATP and pyruvate through anaerobic glycolysis in the cytoplasm
  • is a sperm-specific glycolytic enzyme involved in energy production during spermatogenesis and sperm motility
  • potential role of GAPDHS as a binding protein that is involved in the secondary sperm/oocyte binding
  • GAPDHS and GAPDH isozyme should facilitate the identification of selective GAPDHS inhibitors for contraceptive development
  • GAPDHS and PGK2, two isozymes restricted to the male germline, catalyze successive steps in the glycolytic pathway in mammalian sperm
  • expression levels of GAPDHS, PGK2 and LDHC in the spermatozoa were closely correlated with progressive sperm motility
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell migration & motility
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS reproduction/sex
    PATHWAY
    metabolism carbohydrate , energetic
    signaling
  • first step of the second phase of glycolysis
  • a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor, nucleotide,
  • NAD
  • protein
  • glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
  • cell & other
  • bound to the fibrous sheath of the sperm flagellum through the hydrophobic N-terminal domain of the enzyme molecule
  • REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    reproductioncontraception 
    potential target for non-hormonal contraception
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Gapds -/- males were infertile and had profound defects in sperm motility, exhibiting sluggish movement without forward progression (Miki, 2004)