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FLASH GENE
Symbol FGF19 contributors: mct - updated : 19-05-2010
HGNC name fibroblast growth factor 19
HGNC id 3675
Location 11q13.3      Physical location : 69.513.006 - 69.519.106
Synonym symbol(s) FGF-19
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 6.10 kb     3 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
Physical map
LOC387785 11 LOC387785 LOC390217 11 similar to chromosome 11 open reading frame2; chromosome 11 open reading frame2 LOC341128 11q13.1 similar to seven transmembrane helix receptor UNC93B1 11q13 unc-93 homolog B1 (C. elegans) ALDH3B1 11q13 aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family, member B1 NDUFS8 11q13 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 8, 23kDa (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) TCIRG1 11q13.4-q13.5 T-cell, immune regulator 1, ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 protein a isoform 3 CHK 11q13.1 choline kinase CGI-85 11q13 choline kinase C11orf24 11q13 chromosome 11 open reading frame 24 LRP5 11q13 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 C11orf23 11q13 chromosome 11 open reading frame 23 GAL 11q13.3-q13.5 galanin MTL5 11q13.2-q13.3 metallothionein-like 5, testis-specific (tesmin) CPT1A 11q13.1-q13.2 carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (liver) MRPL21 11q13.1 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21 IGHMBP2 11q13.2-q13.4 immunoglobulin mu binding protein 2 MRGD 11 mas-related G protein-coupled MRGD MGC21621 11q13.1 G protein-coupled receptor MrgF TPCN2 11q13.1 two pore segment channel 2 LOC338694 11q13.2 hypothetical protein LOC338694 MYEOV 11q13.1 myeloma overexpressed gene (in a subset of t(11;14) positive multiple myelomas) LOC390218 11 similar to Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (Interferon-inducible protein 1-8U) LOC220061 11q13.2 similar to proline rich antigen 2 CCND1 11q13.3 cyclin D1 (PRAD1: parathyroid adenomatosis 1) ORAOV1 11q13 oral cancer overexpressed 1 FGF19 11q13.1 fibroblast growth factor 19 FGF4 11q13.3 fibroblast growth factor 4 (heparin secretory transforming protein 1, Kaposi sarcoma oncogene) FGF3 11q13.3 fibroblast growth factor 3 (murine mammary tumor virus integration site (v-int-2) oncogene homolog) ORAOV2 11q13.2 oral cancer overexpressed 2 FADD 11q13.3 Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain PPFIA1 11q13.3-q13.5 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein (liprin), alpha 1 EMS1 11q13.3 ems1 sequence (mammary tumor and squamous cell carcinoma-associated (p80/85 src substrate) SHANK2 11q11 SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 LOC220070 11q13.2 hypothetical protein BC004224 LOC341140 11q13.2 similar to Actin, alpha 1, skeletal muscle DHCR7 11q13.2-q13.5 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase NADSYN1 11q13.2 NAD synthetase 1 LOC57830 11q13.2 UHS KerB KRN1 11q13.5 keratin, cuticle, ultrahigh sulphur 1 LOC390219 11 LOC390219 OR7E3P 11q13 olfactory receptor, family 7, subfamily E, member 3 pseudogene LOC255620 11q13.2 hypothetical gene supported by NM_030930; AY007125
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 2157 - 216 - 2007 17623664
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveintestinesmall intestine   
 liver    
Reproductivemale systemtestis   
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectivecartilage   
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period fetal, pregnancy
Text brain
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal region of FGF19 (and, by extension, the N-terminal regions of the other subfamily members, as well) may interact directly with the D3 region of FGFR to achieve receptor specificity and activation
  • a signal sequence
  • two cysteine residues that are conserved in the FGF family
  • C-terminal tail necessary for its recognition of Klotho family proteins
    • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • heparin-binding growth factors family
  • FGF19 subfamily
    • CATEGORY signaling growth factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    text secreted from ileum and functions as an enterohepatic signal for the regulation of bile acid metabolism
    basic FUNCTION
  • fibroblast growth factor, heparin dependent ligand for FGFR4, potentially playing an important role in brain development
  • regulates bile acid homeostasis and metabolic state in an endocrine fashion
  • regulate energy, bile acid, glucose, lipid, phosphate, and vitamin D homeostasis in an endocrine fashion
  • regulating bile acid homeostasis and metabolic state in an endocrine fashion
  • secreted from ileum and functions as an enterohepatic signal to regulate bile acid homeostasis
  • playing a physiological role in adult photoreceptor phenotypic maintenance and survival and argue in favor of its use as a neuroprotectant
  • with FGF21 share the ability to regulate glucose, lipid, and energy homeostasis
  • having both metabolic and proliferative effects
  • having an effect on lipogenic enzyme expression that is correlated with alterations in NR0B2 expression
  • suppresses the stimulatory effect of insulin on the rate of fatty acid synthesis and the expression of lipogenic enzymes in hepatocytes
  • with KLB, repress apical sodium bile transporter in enterocytes and cholangiocytes
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • increased the expression of small heterodimer partner (NR0B2), a transcriptional repressor that inhibits lipogenic enzyme expression via a SREBF1-independent mechanism
  • interacting with KLB (significantly increased the interactions between FGF19 and FGFR4)
  • interacting with FGFR4 (FGFR4 activation is the mechanism whereby FGF19 can increase hepatocyte proliferation and induce hepatocellular carcinoma formation)
  • FGFR4-extracellular domain might potentially neutralize FGF19
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in colon adenocarcinoma cell line
    constitutional     --over  
    in the liver of patients with extrahepatic cholestasis
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    neurosensorial  
    induces dose- and time-dependent phosphorylation of FGFR-4, up-regulates the expression of specific transcription factors, improves survival, and may, hence, represent a useful therapeutic approach to treating retinal degeneration
    diabete  
    FGF19 may serve as an ideal complement for FGF21 in diabetes therapy development
    obesity  
    potential therapeutic candidate for treating diabetes and obesity
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS