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FLASH GENE
Symbol FCGRT contributors: mct - updated : 07-02-2018
HGNC name Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha
HGNC id 3621
Location 19q13.33      Physical location : 50.015.535 - 50.029.685
Synonym name
  • human FcRn heavy chain, MHC, class I-like FC receptor
  • neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) for IgG
  • major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor
  • neonatal Fc-receptor for Ig
  • Synonym symbol(s) FCRN
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 14.25 kb     3 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site   transcription factor
    text structure
  • binding motifs in the FCGRT promoter were able to specifically interact with their corresponding (Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, c-Fos, c-Jun, YY1, and C/EBPbeta or C/EBPdelta) transcription factors (TFs)
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    7 - 1893 - 365 - 2017 28637874
    6 - 1629 - 365 - 2017 28637874
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
    Respiratorynose     Homo sapiens
    Urinarykidneytubuleconvoluted tubuleproximal tubulehighly Homo sapiens
    Visualeyeretina  highly Homo sapiens
     eyeuveaciliary body   Homo sapiens
     eyeuveachoroid   Homo sapiens
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectiveadipose   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularendothelial cell
    Respiratoryepithelial cell Homo sapiens
    Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte
    Urinarypodocyte Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period neonatal, pregnancy
    Text placenta, syncyciotrophoblast, capillary endothelium and other tissues
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • signal peptide,
  • three extracellular domains
  • transmembrane and cytoplasmic region
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine Fcgrt
    homolog to rattus Fcgrt
    homolog to C.elegans B0361.7
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • MHC,class 1 family
  • immunoglobulin superfamily
  • CATEGORY immunity/defense , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    text type I membrane protein
    basic FUNCTION
  • mediating the uptake of IgG from milk
  • involved in the transport of maternal IgG to the fetus, and protection of circulating IgG from catabolism
  • expressed in podocytes and functions to internalize IgG from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM)
  • major histocompatibility complex class I-related molecule that regulates the half-life of IgG and albumin
  • FCGRT expression has a different effect on Ag processing and presentation of immune-complex to CD4(+) T cells in the endosomal versus phagosomal compartments of macrophages (Ms) versus dendritic cells
  • IgG is transcytosed across intestinal epithelial cells of suckling mammals by the neonatal Fc receptor FCGRT
  • prevents IgG degradation by efficiently sorting IgG into recycling endosomes and away from lysosomes
  • physical properties of the lumenal ligand-receptor complex appear to act as key determinants for sorting between the recycling and lysosomal pathways by regulating FGRT entry into recycling tubules
  • plays a critical role in the homeostasis and degradation of immunoglobulin G (IgG)
  • has the potential to interact with IgG-Fc domains in the ciliary epithelium and retinal and choroidal vasculature
  • possible involvement of promoter binding transcription factors (TFs) in the regulation of the human FCGRT gene expression
  • role of FCGRT in IgG transcytosis in the nasal epithelium
  • serum albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and has a long half-life due to neonatal FCGRT-mediated transcytosis by many cell types, including proximal tubule cells of the kidney
  • may be associated with the transport and metabolism of IgG in thyrocytes and this transport is independent of IgG type
  • may be involved in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) pathogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component heavy chain 48kDa and beta 2 microglobulin 12kDa
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to the Fc region of IgG
  • renal FCGRT reclaims ALB, thereby maintaining the serum concentration of albumin, but facilitates the loss of IgG from plasma protein pools
  • like IgG, albumin has long serum half-life, protected from degradation by pH-dependent recycling mediated by interaction with FCGRT
  • extending serum half-life of ALB by engineering neonatal Fc receptor (FCGRT) binding
  • FCGRT protects albumin from intracellular degradation via a pH-dependent cellular recycling mechanism
  • cellular ALB internalization was proportional to FGRT expression and albumin-binding affinity
  • FCGRT-dependent endosomal cellular-sorting pathway has great importance in describing fundamental mechanisms of intracellular ALB recycling
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS