| basic FUNCTION
| may play a role in the regulation of pyrophosphate production, the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling |
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producing inorganic pyrophosphate, a major inhibitor of calcification and mineralization (see OPLLS) |
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inhibits the insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase activity, resulting in reduced insulin sensitivity |
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inhibit insulin signaling, and inhibition of insulin signaling by ENPP1 is somewhat specific and is dependent upon the enzymatic activity of the phosphodiesterase/pyrophosphatase  |
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affects insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle- and liver-cells and both function and survival of insulin secreting beta-cells, thus representing a strong pathogenic factor predisposing to insulin resistance |
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negatively modulate insulin receptor, inducing cellular insulin resistance when overexpressed in various cell types |
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its expression is critical for osteoblastic differentiation and that this effect is not mediated by changes in extracellular concentration levels of phosphate or pyrophosphate or ENPP1 catalytic activity |
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plays multiple and distinct roles in the development of mineralized tissues and its influence on osteoblast differentiation and gene expression may include a mechanism that is independent of its catalytic activity |
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its expression is a necessary stimulator of osteoblast differentiation and that this effect is independent of extracellular inorganic phosphate and pyrophosphate generation and independent of ENPP1 enzymatic activity |
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essential for normal bone development and control of physiological bone mineralizationb |
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membrane-bound glycoprotein that regulates bone mineralization by hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotide triphosphates to produce pyrophosphate |
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responsible for the generation of inorganic pyrophosphate, a natural inhibitor of mineralization |
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role for ENPP1 in the regulation of epidermal differentiation and pigmentation |
