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FLASH GENE
Symbol CTF1 contributors: mct - updated : 11-09-2018
HGNC name cardiotrophin 1
HGNC id 2499
Location 16p11.2      Physical location : 30.907.927 - 30.914.880
Synonym name cardiophin 1
Synonym symbol(s) CT1, CT-1
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 7.74 kb     3 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked   status provisional
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 1681 - 201 - 2017 28785017
3 - 1678 - 200 - 2017 28785017
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver     Homo sapiens
Nervousgangliasensory gangliadorsal root  
Reproductivefemale systemovary   
Respiratorylung    
Visualeye   highly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Epithelialbarrier/liningretinal pigment epithelium (RPE)  
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
Nervousperipherous   
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Skeletonosteoclast Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period fetal, pregnancy
Text fetal kidney and lung,;eye,lens choroid RPE,retina,,eye anterior segment
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY interleukin-6 cytokine family member
CATEGORY signaling cytokine
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
basic FUNCTION
  • activating the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIF receptor)/GP 130 receptor complex
  • embryonic neurons regulate the onset of cortical gliogenesis via CTF1
  • is a natural defense of the liver against apoptosis
  • may now be classed as an essential osteoclast-derived stimulus of both bone formation and resorption
  • acts as a chromatin domain boundary that shields human telomeric genes from silencing
  • induces VSMCs proliferation, hypertrophy and extracellular matrix production, and is upregulated in hypertension and by aldosterone
  • is a master regulator of fat and glucose metabolism
  • heart-targeting cytokine that is increased in the metabolic syndrome due to overexpression in the adipocytes
  • role for CTF1 in the regulation of myocardial glucose metabolism
  • role in lipid metabolism regulation and adipose tissue function
  • ability of CTF1 to regulate the activity of the main lipases underlies the lipolytic action of this cytokine and could contribute to CTF1 antiobesity effects
  • key regulator of energy homeostasis, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism
  • stimulates beneficial myogenic and vascular remodeling of the heart
  • is a factor capable of recapitulating the key features of physiologic growth of the heart including transient and reversible hypertrophy of the myocardium, and stimulation of cardiomyocyte-derived angiogenic signals leading to increased vascularity
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • interacting with IL6ST in heart failure (downregulation of IL6ST)
  • activates NOTCH1 signaling through the up-regulation of ADAM10, a rate-limiting factor of NOTCH1 signaling activation
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in congestive heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy
    constitutional     --low  
    in non-diabetic subjects who were overweight or obesity having significantly lower cardiotrophin-1 concentrations than those with normal weight
    constitutional     --over  
    significantly elevated in untreated patients with grade I essential hypertension (EH) patients compared with normotensive (NT) subjects
    constitutional     --over  
    in hypertension and in heart failure
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    diabete  
    represents an interesting target to influence insulin sensitivity
    miscelleaneoushypertension 
    may represent a new target of vascular wall remodeling in hypertension
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Cardiotrophin-1 null mice presented decreased arterial stiffness
  • ct-1(-/-) mice develop mature-onset obesity, insulin resistance, and hypercholesterolemia despite reduced calorie intake