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FLASH GENE

Symbol

CRH

contributors: mct - updated : 06-12-2012

HGNC name	corticotropin releasing hormone
HGNC id	2355

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

Corresponding disease	CRHD congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency
Location	8q13      Physical location : 67.088.611 - 67.090.846
Synonym name	corticotropin precursor
	corticoliberin
	corticotropin-releasing factor
Synonym symbol(s)	CRF

DNA

TYPE	functioning gene
STRUCTURE	2.00 kb     2 Exon(s)

10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study

MAPPING

cloned

Y

linked

Y

status

confirmed

RNA

TRANSCRIPTS	type	messenger

EXPRESSION

Rna function	endometrial mRNA expression of CRH and UCN during endometrial cycle
Type

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Nervous brain limbic system hippocampus     Homo sapiens   brain diencephalon hypothalamus

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Muscular striatum skeletal     Nervous central

cells

System Cell Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Blood/Hematopoietic leukocyte Lymphoid/Immune lymphocyte Nervous pyramidal cell Homo sapiens

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

physiological period

embryo, pregnancy

Text

placenta

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains

conjugated

sumoylated

HOMOLOGY

interspecies

homolog to C.elegans f55a11-1

Homologene

FAMILY

the sauvagine/corticotropin-releasing factor/urotensin i family of peptides

CATEGORY

signaling neurotransmitter

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION

extracellular

basic FUNCTION	regulating the release of corticotropin from pituitary gland
	inducing ERK1/2 activation in specific areas of te brain, especially in limbic structures, involved in learning and memory
	plays a central role in controlling the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during stressful periods
	influences dopamine- and GABA-mediated inhibition in the midbrain, suggesting implications for the chronic actions of psychostimulants and stress on dopamine-mediated behaviors
	exerts proinflammatory effects in peripheral tissues
	role in human monocytes mediated by the activation of PI3K/AKT1
	inhibits somatodendritic dopamine release by inhibiting L- and T-type Ca(2+) channels
	a marker that determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery
	plays a central role in controlling the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during stressful period
	role of endogenous CRH, UCNs, and CRFR2 in theosteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)joint microenvironment
	important role of fibroblast-expressed CRH in the proliferation, migration, and cytokine production of these cells, processes associated with the skin response to injury
	its immunomodulatory effects may include an important, albeit not explored yet, role in epidermal tissue remodeling and regeneration and maintenance of tissue homeostasis
	CRH and urocortin (Ucn) are neuropeptides produced by human endometrium and modulate endometrial decidualization (

CELLULAR PROCESS

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	ligand of CRHR1 and CRHR2
	interacting with CREM (endogenous CREM formation is required for termination of CRH transcription)(
	in melanoma cells both CRH and UCN1 regulate TYRP1 gene expression via NR4A2/NR4A1 production, independent of pro-opiomelanocortin or alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulation

cell & other

REGULATION

Other	phosphorylation of CREB contributes to the activation of CRF gene transcription after the deprivation of glucocorticoids in hypothalamic cells
	SUMO1 participates in the modulation of ESR1-mediated CRH mRNA expression which may be important for the regulation of the stress response

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

CRHD

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --low   impaired endometrial expression of CRH and UCN mRNA in endometriosis

Susceptibility

to rheumatoid arthritis

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS