Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol CHIA contributors: mct - updated : 26-10-2009
HGNC name chitinase, acidic
HGNC id 17432
Location 1p13.3      Physical location : 111.833.483 - 111.863.184
Synonym name
  • acidic mammalian chitinase
  • likely ortholog of mouse chitinase, acidic
  • eosinophil chemotactic cytokine
  • Synonym symbol(s) TSA1902, ECF-L, ECFL, AMCase, CHIT2
    EC.number 3.2.1.14
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 29.70 kb     12 Exon(s)
    Genomic sequence alignment details
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    text protein alternatively spliced
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    12 splicing 1448 - 368 - Chou, Seibold (2009)
    9 splicing 1360 - 368 - Chou, Seibold (2009)
    - splicing 1229 - 315 - Chou
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    blood / hematopoieticspleen    
    Cardiovascularheart    
    Digestivestomach    
    Endocrinethyroid    
    Respiratorylung   specific
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectivebone   
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES acid
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a consensus CXC sequence near the N terminus
  • a 39-kDa N-terminal catalytic domain
  • a hinge region
  • a C-terminal chitin-binding domain
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine chitinase,acidic
    intraspecies homolog to CHIT1
    Homologene
    FAMILY glycosyl hydrolase 18 family
    CATEGORY signaling cytokine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • capable of cleaving artificial chitin-like substrates as well as crab shell chitin and chitin as present in the fungal cell wall
  • secreted via an ADAM17/epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent pathway and stimulates chemokine production by pulmonary epithelial cells (Hartl 2008)
  • may play a role in digestion and/or defense
  • being an important mediator of IL-13-induced responses in Th2-dominated disorders such as asthma
  • plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Th2-mediated diseases and antiparasite responses (Hartl 2009)
  • protects airway epithelial cells from Fas ligand- and growth factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis, but regulates epithelial cell apoptosis via a chitinolytic-independent mechanism (Hartl 2009)
  • CHIA, CHIT1, CHI3L1, CHI3L2 and CHID1 exert important biological roles in the monocyte lineage and chronic inflammatory diseases
  • CHIA, CHI3L2 and CHID1 resulted unchanged during osteoclast differentiation, whereas CHIT1 and CHI3L1 increased significantly
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    novel innate immune pathway for local defense against chitin-containing organisms in the sinonasal tract (Lalaker 2009)
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by interleukin-13, a cytokine implicated in many of the effects of asthma (Seibold 2009)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility to asthma
    Variant & Polymorphism other mutation increasing AMCase enzymatic activity could be protective against the development of asthma, possibly through cleavage of inflammatory chitin polymers (Seibold 2009)
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS