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FLASH GENE
Symbol CHGA contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 08-06-2013
HGNC name chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)
HGNC id 1929
Location 14q32.12      Physical location : 93.389.444 - 93.401.636
Synonym name
  • vasostatin
  • pancreastatin
  • parastatin
  • betagranin (N-terminal fragment of chromogranin A)
  • pituitary secretory protein I
    • Synonym symbol(s) CMGA, CGA, SP-I, VS-1
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 12.20 kb     8 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    8 - 2079 - 457 - 2002 11854265
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Endocrineadrenal gland    
     neuroendocrinepituitary  highly
     parathyroid   highly
    nervousbraindiencephalon   
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES globular
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    conjugated GlycoP
    isoforms Precursor
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • chromogranin/secretogranin protein family
    • CATEGORY secretory , storage
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    text synaptic vesicles
    basic FUNCTION
  • peptide hormones and neurotransmitters secretory protein I, precursor of pancreastatin and vasostatin
  • acidic protein of secretory granules, binding calcium and aggregating in its presence
  • regulating catecholamines storage and release through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms
  • regulates the storage and release of catecholamines and may have direct actions on the microvasculature
  • densely packed into storage granules along with catecholamines, playing a catalytic role in granule biogenesis
  • associated with microglial activation cascades implicated in neurodegeneration
  • soluble glycoprotein stored along with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of endocrine cells
  • CHGA, CHGB are involved in granulogenesis and protein sorting
  • CHGA, CHGB are regulators of vesicle cargo and exocytosis
  • functioning as a regulator of tumor vascularization
  • CHGA, CHGB are the main soluble proteins in the large dense core secretory vesicles (LDCVs) found in aminergic neurons and chromaffin cells
    • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
  • Ca2+
    • protein
  • interacting with EDN1 (variation in expression of the . CHGA gene influences endothelial EDN1 secretion, explained by a CHGA stimulus/EDN1 secretion coupling in endothelial cells)
  • SCG3 was able to bind the aggregated form of CHGA, suggesting that a small quantity of SCG3 is enough to carry a large quantity of CHGA
  • interact with STMN2 and STMN3 (share partial colocalization in the Golgi apparatus, and may be necessary for typical transmitter storage and release from chromaffin cells)
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in inflammatory bowel disease
    tumoral     --over  
    in pancreatic tumors
    constitutional     --over  
    in cardiomyocytes could limit the hypoxia/reoxygenation injuries at molecular levels
    tumoral     --over  
    associated with increased noradrenergic activity and tumour size in patients with a single head and neck paragangliomas
    Susceptibility
  • to changes in blood pressure
  • to hypertensive end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
    • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • common genetic variants in the CHGA promoter may regulate heritable changes in blood pressure
  • common variants associate with the risk of hypertensive ESRD in blacks
    • Candidate gene for autonomic dysfunction syndromes and hypertension
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cardiovascularatheromacardiac
    potential therapeutic target for patients with myocardial ischemia
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS