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FLASH GENE
Symbol CFD contributors: mct - updated : 11/03/2024
HGNC name complement factor D (adipsin)
HGNC id 2771
Location 19p13.3      Physical location : 859.664 - 863.608
Synonym name
  • D component of complement (adipsin)
  • properdin factor D
  • C3 convertase activator
    • Synonym symbol(s) ADIPSIN, DF, PFD, ADN
    EC.number 3.4.21.46
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 3.98 kb     5 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    5 - 1212 - 260 - 2023 37744351
    5 - 1191 - 253 - 2023 37744351
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectiveadipose    Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
     adipocyte Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticmonocyte
    Digestivehepatocyte
    Lymphoid/Immunemacrophage
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a signal peptide from the 1st to the 23th aa
  • a peptidase S1 domain
    • isoforms Precursor a mature form made of 227 aa with a 24.4kDa
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY peptidase S1 family
    CATEGORY enzyme , immunity/defense
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    text secreted protein
    basic FUNCTION
  • cleaving complement factor B from activated C3 (C3bbb)
  • regulates activation of the alternative complement pathway, which is implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis
  • adipokine adipsin has a beneficial role in maintaining pancreatic beta cell functionb
  • is a protease produced at high levels by adipose tissue
  • adipsin may be involved in pregnancy-associated metabolic changes
  • promotes lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation
  • serine protease that is secreted by adipocytes into the bloodstream
  • is one of the adipokines secreted by adipose tissues which is involved in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis and increasing insulin secretion in response to glucose
  • promotes new adipocyte formation and affects skeletal remodeling in the bone marrow (BM)niche
  • acting as the rate-limiting factor in the alternative complement pathway and exerting essential functions on the activation of complement system
  • role on endothelial, smooth muscle and immune cells that mediate cardiovascular functions
    • CELLULAR PROCESS protein, degradation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    text anti-pathogen response
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    significantly decreased in patients with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • adipsin is a novel biomarker that predicts all-cause death and rehospitalization in patients with coronary artery disease
  • is a biomarker in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • could be a reliable diagnostic biomarker involved in the pathophysiology of Barraquer-Simons syndrome by promoting unrestrained local complement system activation in the adipose tissue environment
  • is likely a novel plasma biomarker to monitor the increased risk of preeclampsia in early pregnancy
  • role for Adipsin as a potential marker of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis
    • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cardiovascularatheroma 
    may be a potential therapeutic target against atherosclerosis
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • factor D-deficient mice had no apparent abnormality in development and their body weights were similar to those of factor D-sufficient littermates
  • obese mice exhibited decreased levels of adipsin in adipose tissues and serum and increased ER stress markers in adipose tissues compared to lean mice