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FLASH GENE
Symbol CDK19 contributors: mct - updated : 07-05-2019
HGNC name cyclin-dependent kinase 19
HGNC id 19338
Corresponding disease
EIEE87 epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 87
MMRRF microcephaly, mental retardation and congenital retinal folds
Location 6q21      Physical location : 110.931.180 - 111.136.412
Synonym name
  • cell division protein kinase 8
  • death-preventing kinase
  • cell division cycle 2-like protein kinase 6
  • cyclin-dependent kinase 11
  • cyclin-dependent kinase (CDC2-like) 11
  • cell division cycle 2-like 6 (CDK8-like)
    • Synonym symbol(s) KIAA1028, CDK11, RP11-346C16.5, CDC2L6, bA346C16.3
    EC.number 2.7.11.22
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 206.55 kb     13 Exon(s)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    13 - 6246 57 502 - 2003 14511641
    13 - 6016 - 442 - 2003 14511641
    14 - 6062 - 442 - 2003 14511641
    14 - 6114 - 458 - 2003 14511641
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart   moderately
    Lymphoid/Immunelymph node   highly
    Nervousbrain   highly Homo sapiens
    Reproductivefemale systemplacenta  moderately
     male systemprostate  highly
     male systemtestis  highly
    Visualeye   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Connectivebone   
    Nervouscentral  highly Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period embryo, pregnancy
    Text placenta, eye and brain
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    mono polymer complex
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to yeast cell division protein kinase 8
    ortholog to murine Cdc2l6
    intraspecies paralog to CDK8
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • SER/THR family of protein kinases
  • CDC2/CDKX subfamily
    • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • CDK19 is localized to the perinuclear space and cytoplasm of most neurons but expressed in the nucleus in a few neurons
    • basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a protein serine/threonine kinase
  • involved in transcriptional activation by DNA binding transcription factors of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II
  • plays a negative role in viral activator VP16-dependent transcriptional regulation
  • potential mRNA target of SCARNA15 small RNAs, suggesting a role for SCARNA15-processing products in posttranscriptional gene silencing
  • may play a major role in eye development
  • CDK8 supported transcriptional activation, whereas CDK19, however, counteracted it
  • function for CDK8 and CDK19 in regulating innate immune activation,suggesting that these kinases may warrant consideration as therapeutic targets for inflammatory disorders
  • CDK8 and its paralog CDK19, associated with the transcriptional Mediator complex, act as coregulators of several transcription factors implicated in cancer
  • selective role of CDK8/19 identifies these kinases as mediators of transcriptional reprogramming, a key aspect of development and differentiation as well as pathological processes
  • CDK8 and CDK19, collectively termed 'Mediator Kinase,' are cyclin-dependent kinases that have been implicated as key rheostats in cellular homeostasis and developmental programming
  • predominantly regulates gene transcription
  • plays a critical role in neurodevelopment and synapse formation and function
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle
    nucleotide, transcription, regulation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • component of the mediator co-activator complex
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule nucleotide,
  • ATP
    • protein
  • CDK8 and CDK19, individually interact with PRMT5 and WDR77, and their interactions with PRMT5 cause transcriptional repression of CEBPB target genes by regulating symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine 3 (H4R3me2s) in the promoter regions of those genes
  • CDK8 and its paralog CDK19, in complex with CCNC, MED12 and MED13, are transcriptional regulators that mediate several carcinogenic pathways and the chemotherapy-induced tumor-supporting paracrine network
  • CDK19 is a regulator of TP53 stress responses, suggesting a role for CDK19 in cellular resistance to nutlin-3
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) MMRRF , EIEE87
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancermetastases 
    blocking CDK8/CDK19 specifically abrogates tumor cell invasion, changes in EMT-associated transcription factors
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS