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FLASH GENE
Symbol CCL18 contributors: mct - updated : 23-11-2014
HGNC name chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (pulmonary and activation-regulated)
HGNC id 10616
Location 17q12      Physical location : 34.391.642 - 34.398.840
Synonym name
  • chemokine C.C dentritic
  • small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys-Cys), member 18, pulmonary and activation-regulated
  • macrophage inflammatory protein 4
    • Synonym symbol(s) PARC, MIP4, AMAC1, DCCK1, SY18, CKb7, SCYA18, DC-CK1
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
    text generated by fusion of two MIP-1 alpha /LD78 alpha-like genes
    STRUCTURE 7.20 kb     3 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    3 - 793 - 89 - 1998 10087196
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon  
    Endocrinepancreas    
    Reproductivefemale systemuterus   
    Respiratorylung   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
     bone marrow    Homo sapiens
    Connectivebone   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticmonocyte Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunedendritic cell Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunemacrophage Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text highly in placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Scya3
    intraspecies homolog to SCYA3
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • intercrine beta family
    • CATEGORY signaling cytokine , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • lymphocytes (naive T cells, CD4+ and CD8+) chemoattractant
  • may play a role in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity responses
  • predominantly expressed in human atherosclerotic plaques and may participate in the atherosclerotic plaque formation
  • CCL18 and CXCL12 are homeostatic chemokines with high constitutive concentrations in serum
  • CCL18 plays a critical role in promoting breast cancer metastasis via its receptor, PITPNM3
  • differentiates dendritic cells in tolerogenic cells able to prime regulatory T cells in healthy subjects
  • inducing an M2 spectrum macrophage phenotype in the absence of IL4
  • may contribute to maintaining tolerance and/or suppressing deleterious inflammation by attracting memory Tregs into tissues, particularly in the lung, where it is highly and constitutively expressed
  • plays a crucial role in immune and inflammation responses
  • combined functions of CCL18 in mesenchymal and cancer cells might accelerate the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cells
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell migration & motility
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    text immune response
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • important modulator of CXCR4-dependent responses in pre-B ALL cells via interactions with GPR30 (PMIDS:
  • upon the binding of CCL18 to PITPNM3, PTK2B translocates from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane to form a stable complex with PITPNM3, subsequently activating SRC kinase
  • induced the expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related gene SNAI1
  • CCL18 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and EMT through the expression of PITPNM3 and the activation of the NFKB1 signaling pathway
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by glucocorticoids in combination with IL-4
    induced by IL-4,IL-13 and IL-10 in macrophages
    phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in several cell lines
    inhibited by IFN-gamma
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
    constitutional     --over  
    in extrinsic atopic dermatitis patients
    Susceptibility
  • to HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Omim: 609423)
    • Variant & Polymorphism SNP influencing HIV Type 1 transmission and AIDS disease progression
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)
    • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS