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FLASH GENE
Symbol BSG contributors: mct/ - updated : 07-04-2020
HGNC name basigin (OK blood group)
HGNC id 1116
Corresponding disease
OK OK blood group
Location 19p13.3      Physical location : 571.324 - 583.492
Synonym name
  • basigin, cell differentiation antigen 147, identified by monoclonal antibody VM8D6
  • collagenase stimulatory factor
  • extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer
  • M6 leukocyte activation antigen
  • tumor cell-derived collagenase stimulatory factor
  • CD147 antigen
  • Synonym symbol(s) CD147, CD157, EMMPRIN, TCSF, M6, basigin, 5F7, EMPRIN, OK, SLC7A11
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 12.17 kb     8 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    regulatory sequence Binding site   transcription factor
    text structure Sp1, EGR2, AP1, TFII binding sites important for transcription in macrophages
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    8 - 1789 - 176 widely expressed in various normal tissues at the mRNA level and upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared to in normal tissues 2019 31291257
  • BSG3
  • basigin-3 and basigin-4 were initiated from an alternative promoter
  • glycosylated basigin-3 and basigin-4 were expressed and localized to the plasma membrane
  • could inhibit HCC proliferation and invasion, probably through interaction with basigin-2 as an endogenous inhibitor via hetero-oligomerization
  • 9 - 2024 - 385 - 2019 31291257
  • BSG1
  • 8 - 1676 - 269 - 2019 31291257
  • BSG2
  • has two immunoglobulin domains
  • BSG3 could inhibit HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) proliferation and invasion, probably through interaction with basigin-2 as an endogenous inhibitor via hetero-oligomerization
  • 7 - 1609 - 205 widely expressed in various normal tissues at the mRNA level and upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared to in normal tissues 2019 31291257
  • BSG4
  • basigin-3 and basigin-4 were initiated from an alternative promoter
  • glycosylated basigin-3 and basigin-4 were expressed and localized to the plasma membrane
  • 8 - 1594 - 269 - 2019 31291257
    EXPRESSION
    Type ubiquitous
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveesophagus   highly
    Nervousbrain     Homo sapiens
    Reproductivemale systemprostate   
    Respiratorylung    
    Skin/Tegumentskin   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow  highly
    Epithelialbarrier/liningretinal pigment epithelium (RPE)  
    Muscularstriatumcardiacmyocardium 
    Muscularstriatumskeletal   Homo sapiens
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticerythrocyte Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticthymocyte
    Lymphoid/Immunemacrophage
    Muscularmyocyte
    Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte
    Visualcone photoreceptor
    VisualMuller cell
    cell lineage broadly expressed on hematopoietic cells
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N-terminal Ig-like domain important for the MMP inducing activity and for cell-cell interactions, presumably through its ability to engage in homophilic interactions
  • three SP1 and two AP2 sites
  • three immunoglobulin domains
  • an Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain
  • an Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Bsg
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • Ig superfamily regulating oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion
  • CATEGORY antigen , receptor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    text
  • transmembrane glycoprotein that can be released from the cell surface
  • basic FUNCTION
  • plays crucial roles in the development and function of the reproductive, visual, and nervous systems
  • metalloproteinase inducer involved in cell recognition
  • playing a role in normal retinal development and maturation
  • may be playing a role in atherosclerosis development
  • stimulating fibroblasts to synthetize matrix metalloproteinases
  • signaling receptor for cyclophilin B (PPIB)
  • MMP modulator in cancer, development and tissue repair
  • plays pivotal roles in spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation and tumor progression
  • via the selective inhibition of specific downstream elements of the Vav1/Rac1 route, contributes to the negative regulation of T-cell responses
  • promotes invasion and metastasis in different tumor types via the induction of MMPs4 and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system by peritumoral stromal cells
  • stimulates production of matrix metalloproteinases
  • influences beta-amyloid levels by an indirect mechanism involving MMPs that can degrade extracellular beta-amyloid
  • functions in cell adhesion as an inducer of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in surrounding cells
  • in the myocardium the regulated expression of EMMPRIN is a determinant of MMP activity and may thus play a role in myocardial remodeling
  • involved in several aspects of tumor progression and in addition to its ability to induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, it confers resistance to some chemotherapeutic drugs
  • plays a key regulatory role for MMP activities
  • has a central role in lung tumor progression through its ability to enhance cell proliferation, migration, anchorage-independent growth and cell survival
  • has a fundamental role in tumorigenesis by its ability to regulate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in cancer
  • regulator of leukocyte transmigration into the CNS in multiple sclerosis
  • is a mediator of trophoblast functions
  • function of basigin in thymus development
  • BSG and ADAM12 play a major role in cancer invasion and metastasis owing to the fact that they are directly related to the cell microenvironment and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation
  • roles in cellular functions, such as migration, adhesion, invasion, energy metabolism, as well as T cell activation and proliferation
  • may promote liver fibrosis progression via inducing the VEGF-A/KDR signalling pathway-mediated cross-talk between hepatocytes and SECs (sinusoidal endothelial cells)
  • is a central player in tumor progression and predicts a poor prognosis
  • BSG from hypoxic microglia plays a pivotal pro-angiogenic role, providing new insights into microglia-promoting retinal angiogenesis
  • BSG -induced cell proliferation is associated with SMAD4 signal inhibition
  • represents the first HCMV entry mediator that specifically functions to promote entry of pentamer-expressing HCMV into epithelial and endothelial cells
  • plays an important role in germ cells migration and survival/apoptosis during the spermatogenesis process
  • has an important role in the regulation of germ cells apoptosis via a MMPs-dependent pathway
  • BSG may be involved in a physiological positive feedback loop that accelerates podocyte cell motility and depolarization
  • tumor-associated antigen that plays a key regulatory role in tumor invasion and distant metastasis
  • mediates leukocyte aggregation which is associated with the development of liver injury, and and determines the extent of liver injury
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • subunit of gamma-secretase
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • complexing to MMP1 at the tumor cell surface
  • SPN interacts with BSG and ITGB2 in two distinct but similarly reorganized complexes
  • specific binding to GP6 (platelet GP6 is a novel receptor for BSG and can mediate platelet rolling via GP6-BSG interaction)
  • interact with a wide variety of molecules at the cell surface, such as cyclophilins, integrins, caveolin-1, monocarboxylate transporters
  • is a SNAI2 target gene in the signaling cascade TGFB1&
  • 8594;PI3K/Akt&
    8594;GSK3B&
    8594;SNAI1&
    8594;SNAI2&
    8594;BSG
  • BSG release in microvesicles can be mediated by stimulation of GPER1 in uterine epithelial cells, suggesting that inappropriate stimulation or expression of this receptor may be significant in uterine pathology
  • BSG, which binds to the platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP6), is expressed in a range of cell types including platelets and leukocytes, and has been implicated in neoplastic disease and atherosclerotic coronary disease
  • is required for the expression of SLC16A1 and SLC16A4 in the corneal endothelium
  • BSG an SLC3A2 form a complex on the cell plasma membrane of several cancers
  • is a new coreceptor for the KDR tyrosine kinase receptor in both endothelial and tumor cells
  • receptor for cyclophilins, S100A9 and platelet glycoprotein VI
  • also associates with other proteins including SLC2A1, CD44 and SLC3A2
  • BSG/CD147, a critical molecule for cancer cell invasion and metastasis, is a novel interacting partner of TRAF6
  • plays a critical role in the differentiation and function of osteoclasts by upregulating NFATC1 through the autoamplification of its expression in osteoclastogenesis
  • extracellular PPIA stimulated cell proliferation through BSG by activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway
  • plays a key role in reducing extrinsic apoptosis in spermatocytes, but not spermatogonia, through modulating NFKB1 signaling pathway
  • PPIA secreted in response to inflammatory stimuli binds to the cell surface via its receptor BSG and induces secretion of various inflammatory cytokines
  • RING1 inhibits BSG capability promoting melanoma cell migration
  • NPTN and BSG are obligatory auxiliary subunits of native ATP2B and key regulators of intracellular Ca2+ concentration
  • regulates CXCL1 release in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by PI3K/AKT1 signaling
  • NPTN and BSG are obligatory subunits of PMCAs that dramatically increase the efficiency of ATP2B1-mediated Ca2+ clearance
  • BSG served a critical role in mediating the apoptosis of melanoma cells via IGFBP2 and the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
  • IGFBP2 was shown to be positively associated with BSG expression
  • TMPRSS11B promotes solubilization of BSG, an obligate chaperone of SLC16A4, which enhances lactate export and glycolytic metabolism, thereby promoting tumorigenesis
  • an ER-Golgi-resident transmembrane protein YIPF2 was identified as an intracellular binder to BSG
  • YIPF2-controlled ER-Golgi trafficking signature that promotes BSG-medated malignant phenotypes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other regulated by growth factors, hormones, glycosylation and membrane shedding
    expression is regulated via a reactive oxygen species-dependent JNK pathway
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) OK
    related resource Blood Group Antigen Mutation Database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in melanoma cells, and in malignant gliomas
    constitutional     --over  
    leads to the inhibition of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) activity induced by Vav1, a Rac1 exchange factor
    tumoral     --over  
    in squamous-cell carcinomas, pancreatic, chromophobic kidney, hepatocellular or medullary breast adenocarcinomas as well as glioblastoma multiforme
    tumoral     --over  
    might contribute to growth and angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma (a good marker for local invasion and prognosis)
    constitutional     --over  
    in myocardium from patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
    constitutional     --over  
    increases in the human left ventricle after acute myocardial infarction
    tumoral     --over  
    increasing levels in lung tumor epithelial cells leads to an enhancement in the metastatic potential of these cells through the upregulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling
    tumoral     --over  
    SLC3A2 and BSG were significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer cells, and their expression levels were significantly correlated
    tumoral     --other  
    hypo-phosphorylated BSG promotes the migration and invasion of HCC cells and correlates with an unfavorable prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients
    constitutional       gain of function
    during dynamic cellular events including tissue remodelling
    tumoral     --over  
    SLC16A44 and BSG overexpression correlated with higher PSA levels, as well as with perineural invasion and biochemical recurrence in prostate carcinoma
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • serum BSG and ADAM12 values and urine ADAM12 values may be useful markers in prostate cancer
  • is a potential biomarker of angiogenesis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy
  • Plasma PPIA and BSG can serve as indicators of renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes patients
  • test of serum BSG contributes to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyautoimmunemultiple sclerosis
    novel therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis
    tumor  
    might be a potential target for therapeutic antitumor drugs
    cancer  
    because of its relative abundant expression and its accessibility as a cell surface molecule on a wide variety of tumors, would make an attractive target for the development of anticancer therapies such as inhibition by antibodies or small molecule inhib
    cancerdigestiveliver
    potential target for the treatment and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma
    cancerdigestiveliver
    potential therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting BSG or BSG-PPIA interaction
    miscelleaneousurinarychronic kidney disease
    BSG silencing via suppression of ITGB1-PTK2-matrix metallopeptidase signaling may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the maintenance of podocytes in patients with proteinuric kidney diseases (PMID: 31014956)
    cancerskin 
    may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for chemotherapy or prevention for in melanoma
    digestiveliver 
    administration of targeting BSG could be a promising therapeutic strategy in liver fibrosis
    cancer  
    could be a potential therapeutic target for cancers
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Cd147 null mutant male mice are infertile with arrested spermatogenesis and increased apoptotic germ cells