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FLASH GENE
Symbol ADORA2A contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 12-02-2013
HGNC name adenosine A2a receptor
HGNC id 263
Location 22q11.23      Physical location : 24.823.529 - 24.838.324
Synonym name adenosine receptor subtype A2a
Synonym symbol(s) RDC8, hA2aR, ADORA2, A2aR, A2AAR
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 14.80 kb     3 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status confirmed
Map cen - D22S303 - D22S257 - [D22S301 - D22S156 - D22S431 - CRYB@ - D22S258 - D22S300 ] - D22S310 - D22S41 - qter
Text [ADORA2A ]
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 2590 44.58 412 - 1992 1331670
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularvessels   highly
Digestiveliver   highly
Lymphoid/Immunelymph node   moderately
 spleen   highly
Nervousbrainbasal nucleistriatum highly Homo sapiensAdult
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood/Hematopoieticplatelet Homo sapiens
Lymphoid/Immunelymphocyte Homo sapiensAdult
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • seven transmembrane helical segments (7TM)
  • long C-terminus (of >120 AAs), which is for the most part dispensable for coupling to G(s), but is a binding site for several additional 'accessory' proteins
    • conjugated GlycoP
    mono polymer oligo
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to rattus Adora2a
    ortholog to murine Adora2a
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
    • CATEGORY receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,intermed filament
    text
  • integral to plasma membrane
  • concentrated mainly in one side of the cytoplasm
    • basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a gastric inhibitor peptide receptor
  • acting as a rhodopsin-like receptor
  • encodes the major receptor activity of caffeine in the brain
  • having ability to stimulate the activity of ubiquitin
    • proteasome system upon encountering stress
  • prototypical G(s)-coupled receptor, that couples to adenylyl cyclase by restricted collision coupling and forms a tight complex with G(s)
  • may function as a coincidence detector and a signal integrator
  • modulate the tubuloglomerular response by counteracting the effects of ADORA1
  • control neuroinflammation and consequent hippocampal neuronal dysfunction
  • involvement of ADORA2A in engulfment-dependent apoptotic cell suppression of inflammation
  • its lymphocyte expression is essential for limiting the severity of the inflammatory response
    • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, cell death/apoptosis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS coagulation/hemostasis , development , inflammation
    text
  • blood coagulation
  • central nervous system development
  • neurotransmitter transport
  • phagocytosis
    • PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    activating adenylate cyclase
    a component
  • forming oligimer with dopamine receptor
    • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • ADORA2A modulates the differentiation ability of trophic factors through a novel interacting protein, TRAX
  • interacting with NECAB2
  • interaction partners include alpha-actinin (ACTN1), CYTH2, USP4 and translin-associated protein-X(TSNAX)
  • involved in the mechanism of transactivation of BDNF receptor NTRK2, and they also modulate the effect of BDNF on synaptic transmission, playing a facilitatory and permissive role
  • tight control of CNR1 function by ADORA2A in glutamatergic terminals of the striatum
  • interaction of ADORA2A, P2RY1, P2RY12
  • ADORA2A and CNR1 may physically and functionally interact
    • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other regulated by hypoxia and EPAS1 in human lung endothelial cells
    its blockade reduced the number of myofibroblasts and angiogenesis but not macrophage infiltration in the scar
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       loss of function
    selective inactivation of ADORA2A in striatal neurons enhances working memory and reversal learning (
    Susceptibility
  • to modification of age at onset in Huntington's disease
  • to habitual caffeine consumption
    • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • rs5751876 T/T genotype have an earlier age at onset of 3.8 years as compared to C/C genotype
  • probability of having the ADORA2A 1083TT genotype decreases as habitual caffeine consumption increases
    • Candidate gene
    Marker
  • its expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells may be a valuable means of differentiating amnestic mild cognitive impairment and multiple cognitive domain mild cognitive impairment
    • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    dermatologyskin 
    pharmacological A2AR blockade can be used to diminish scarring while improving the collagen composition and tensile strength of the healed wound
    neurologyneurodegenerativehuntington chorea
    novel therapeutic pathway of A2A receptor in HD and further strengthen the concept that the ADORA2A can be a drug target in treating HD
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS