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FLASH GENE
Symbol ADIPOQ contributors: mct - updated : 03-05-2017
HGNC name adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing
HGNC id 13633
Corresponding disease
ADIPOQ adiponectin deficiency
AOMS1 abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome 1
Location 3q27.3      Physical location : 186.560.462 - 186.576.250
Synonym name
  • adipocyte-specific adipocytokine
  • adipose most abundant gene transcript 1
  • collagen-like plasma gelatin-binding protein
  • adiponectin
  • gelatin-binding protein 28
  • adipose specific collagen-like factor
  • 30 kDa adipocyte complement-related protein
  • adipocyte complement-related 30 kDa protein
  • Synonym symbol(s) GBP28, ACRP30, GLBP28, APM1, APM-1, ADPN, ACDC, ADIPQTL1
    DNA
    TYPE functioning gene
    STRUCTURE 15.79 kb     3 Exon(s)    1 Copie(s)
    regulatory sequence Promoter
    Binding site   transcription factor
    motif repetitive sequence   ALU
    text structure
  • binding sites for transcription factors known to be involved in adipogenesis such as C/EBP and PPARgamma in the promoter
  • a proximal SP1 binding site with stimulatory effect
  • putative response elements for sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) (-431 to -423) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) (-230 to -224) required for basal promoter activity
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    3 - 4578 - 244 - 1996 8619847
    precursor
    4 - 4629 - 244 - 1996 8619847
    precursor
    EXPRESSION
    Type restricted
    constitutive of
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart    
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Connectiveadipose   
    Muscularstriatumcardiacmyocardium 
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
     adipocyte
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • N terminal non collagenous sequence
  • a short collagen-like motif of GXY repeat C1q domain
  • collagen triple helix repeat
  • a signal peptide
  • mono polymer homomer , oligo
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Adipoq (83.6pc)
    homolog to rattus Adipoq (83.2pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • soluble defense collagens family
  • CATEGORY secretory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
    text secreted
    basic FUNCTION
  • adipose tissue-specific plasma protein, involved in insulin sensitizing and having anti-atherosclerotic properties
  • attenuation of the inflammatory response associated with atherogenesis, negative regulator in hematopoiesis and immune system (by suppression of TNF-induced monocyte adhesion to aortic endothelial cells as well as expression of VCAM1), protective factor for the cardiovascular system
  • adipocyte-specific cytokine activating AMPK and directly regulating glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity
  • pleiotropic mediator of insulin sensitizing with liver and muscle as target organs
  • having unique central effects on energy homeostasis and may be playing a role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance
  • functioning to stimulate the new blood vessel growth by promoting cross-talk between PRKAA2 and Akt signaling within endothelial cells
  • involved in the regulation of cardiac metabolism and function
  • modulates insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis
  • acting as a potent regulator of bone resorption observed in diseases associated with cytokine activation
  • may be a more sensitive indicator for latent insulin resistance than IGFBP1 in short SGA (small for gestational age) children
  • having a possible role in the regulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis (Awazawa 2009)
  • inducing extracellular Ca2+ influx by ADIPOR1, thus regulating PGC1a and mitochondria (Iwabu 2010)
  • adipose-specific glycoprotein hormone having an important role in insulin sensitivity and energy homoeostasis via interaction with two receptors, ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2
  • functional member of the pattern-recognition family of defence collagens, with a potentially important role in innate immunity
  • acts through ADIPOR1 to activate MAPK14 and AMPK, resulting in the activations of NFKB on the MMP3 promoter and contribute cartilage destruction during arthritis
  • ADIPOQ, an adipocyte-derived circulating protein, accumulates in the heart, vascular endothelium, and skeletal muscles through an interaction with CDH13, a unique glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cadherin
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • a possible interaction of PPARgamma2 and IRS1 effects on adiponectin concentration
  • interacting with AKT1 and with PRKAA2
  • interacting with PTGS2 and PRKAB1 to protects the heart from ischemia-reperfusion
  • interaction between PAQR3 and adiponectin may help explain the antiproliferative properties of adiponectin
  • suppresses SREBF1 expression in hepatocytes via AMPK activation through ADIPOR1
  • interacts in a dose-dependent manner with anti-inflammatory glycoproteins, such as the protease inhibitor alpha2 macroglobulin and thrombospondin 1
  • binds Factor H in a specific and saturable manner, via the N-terminal collagenous domain of adiponectin
  • CRP decreased likely ADIPOOQ expression and multimerization, while CRP-induced decline in ADIPOQ might be mediated through the PI3K/Akt pathway
  • ADIPOQ accumulates in the vasculature via CDH13, and the ADIPOQ-CDH13 association plays a protective role against neointimal and atherosclerotic plaque formations
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    inhibited by TNF due to a decrease of transcriptional SP1 binding activity caused by TNF
    Other inhibition of proliferation of myelomonocytic lineage cells
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) ADIPOQ , AOMS1
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    in obese individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes with insulin resistance
    constitutional     --low  
    in short SGA (small for gestational age) children without catch-up growth may reflect insulin resistance and imply a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus
    constitutional     --low  
    in dilated inflammatory cardiomyopathy hearts
    Susceptibility
  • to type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease
  • to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NFALD)
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP , other
  • common variant in the promoter and mutation in exon 3
  • 276G>T increases the risk to develop insulin resistance
  • SNP in the promoter increasing the risk of obesity
  • SNPs -11426(A/G) and -11377(G/C) in the proximal promoter region associated to type 2 diabetes
  • SNPs 45TT and 276GT are significantly more prevalent in NAFLD than in the general population
  • Candidate gene
  • decreased level of ADIPOQ (and ADIPOR1) in obesity may have causal roles in mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance seen in diabetes
  • Marker
  • ratios of ADIPOQ/LEP and ADIPOQ/RETN constitute novel predictor factors to explain polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • ADIPOQ/CRP, may be useful for detecting metabolic dysregulation
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS