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FLASH GENE
Symbol TBCD contributors: mct/npt - updated : 24-11-2016
HGNC name tubulin-specific chaperone D
HGNC id 11581
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
HOMOLOGY
interspecies ortholog to bovine tubulin folding cofactor D
Homologene
FAMILY
  • TBCD family
  • CATEGORY chaperone/stress
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane,junction,tight
    plasma membrane,junction,adherens
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,centrosome
    text
  • at the centrosome, TBCD is required for initiation of microtubule growth and organization of the mitotic spindle
  • both ARL2 and TBCD also localize to centrosomes
  • basic FUNCTION
  • modulator of microtubule dynamic by sequestering beta tubulin GTP bound heterodimers
  • involved in the pathway leading to correctly folded beta-tubulin from folding intermediates
  • with ARL2 participate in apical junctional complex disassembly and epithelial depolarization
  • playing a role D at centrosomes that is important to its function in polymerization of tubulin and organization of the mitotic spindle
  • plays a role in cells independent of its presumed role in folding tubulin heterodimers (pMID: 17704193)
  • ARL2 and TBCD participate in apical junctional complex (AJC), disassembly and epithelial depolarization
  • TBCD and TBCE are also capable of acting in a reverse reaction in which they disrupt native heterodimers
  • inability of TBCD to disrupt microtubule integrity upon overexpression can be overcome by siRNA-mediated suppression of expression of the TBCD regulator ARL2 (ADP ribosylation factor-like protein)
  • ARL2, and its cytosolic binding partner cofactor D (TBCD), is important in tubulin folding and microtubule dynamics
  • participate in centriolar and ciliary basal body assembly, strongly suggesting a more wider role in processes linked to microtubule nucleation
  • is a novel functional contributor to mammalian cerebral cortex development,
  • is also required for axon and dendrite maintenance in olfactory projection neurons (PNs)
  • co-chaperones required for assembly and disassembly of the alpha/beta-tubulin heterodimer, the structural unit of microtubules
  • role of TBCD in modulating stability and polymerization of microtubules
  • CELLULAR PROCESS protein, post translation, folding
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • component of the complex of cofactors A to E leading to correctly folded beta tubulin
  • complexed with ARL2 and protein phosphatase 2A
  • TBCD is one of five tubulin-folding cofactors required for the formation of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • TBCD physically interacts with the intracellular domain DSCAM, which is important for neural development and has been implicated in Down syndrome
  • ARL2-TBCD interaction is critical for proper maintenance of microtubule densities in cells
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other ARF2 modulating the interaction of TBCD with native tubulin
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) PEBAT
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS