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FLASH GENE
Symbol GPC4 contributors: mct - updated : 25-05-2016
HGNC name glypican 4
HGNC id 4452
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • heparan sulfate proteoglycan, anchored to the membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor, with 14 cysteines at conserved position
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Gpc4
    homolog to C.elegans f59d12.4
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycan family (GRIPS)
  • CATEGORY structural protein , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lumen
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    intracellular,nucleus
    text
  • localized to both membrane in lipid raft microdomains and in non-lipid raft microdomains and this localization affects its ability to regulate distinct Wnt pathways
  • basic FUNCTION
  • involved in the control of cell division and growth regulation
  • concentrates potentially WNT3A and WNT5A to the vicinity of their specific receptors in different membrane microdomains, thereby regulating distinct Wnt signaling
  • astrocyte-secreted signal sufficient to induce functional synapses between purified retinal ganglion cell neurons
  • GPC4 and GPC6 are astrocyte-derived molecules necessary and sufficient to promote glutamate receptor clustering and receptivity and to induce the formation of postsynaptically functioning CNS synapses
  • required for the maintenance of adult neural stem cell fate
  • acts at the interface of extrinsic and intrinsic signal regulation to fine tune stem cell fate
  • role of GPC4 and WNT5B in chondrocyte stacking underlying craniofacial cartilage morphogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, division
    cell life, differentiation
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS development
    text embryogenesis and morphogenesis
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • endostatin
  • specific binding protein for BPI on retinal pigment epithelial to mediate the activation of ERK1/2, AKT1, and the mRNA expressions of PDGFB and VEGFA
  • bound to WNT3A and WNT5A, which activate the CTNNB1-dependent and -independent pathways, respectively, and colocalized with Wnts on the cell surface
  • GPC4 is an LRRTM4 receptor and a trans-synaptic GPC4-LRRTM4 interaction regulates excitatory synapse development
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) SGBS , NDAS
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • Gpc4-deficient mice have defective synapse formation, with decreased amplitude of excitatory synaptic currents in the developing hippocampus and reduced recruitment of AMPARs to synapses
  • Gpc4 KO mice display morphological abnormalities reminiscent of Keipert syndrome: they have significantly shorter paw and snout lengths than WT mice