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FLASH GENE
Symbol PER2 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 20-12-2016
HGNC name period homolog 2 (Drosophila)
HGNC id 8846
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a central CKI epsilon-binding motif for phosphorylation
  • a N terminal Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) 300 AA dimerization domain
  • a helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif
  • three putative nuclear localization signals (NLS)
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to Drosophila period gene
    homolog to murine Per2
    homolog to C.elegans h39e23.1a
    intraspecies homolog to PER1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factor
  • CATEGORY regulatory , transcription factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • potential regulator of circadian rhythm at the transcriptional level
  • playing a crucial role for resetting the central clock in response to light
  • influences the glutamatergic system and modulates alcohol consumption
  • controls circadian periods through nuclear localization in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and can modulate a sleep molecular mechanism (Miyazaki 2007)
  • CRY2 and PER2 affect distinct pathways in the regulation of bone volume 5)
  • CRY2 influencing mostly the osteoclastic cellular component of bone and PER2 acting on osteoblast parameters 5)
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS circadian
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • compoment of the circadian clock
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • ARNTL (BMAL1)
  • a functional partnership between ARNTL2 and PER2 (role of PER2 in the circadian transcription) (Sasaki 2009)
  • DNA-binding of NPAS2 and ARNTL to PER2 was decreased by sleep deprivation (SD), although SD is known to increase PER2 expression in the cortex (PMId: 22039518)
  • PML is a circadian clock regulator that can physically interact with PER2
  • PRKCDBP is a new cytoplasmic PER2-interacting protein influencing circadian clock properties
  • KHSRP promotes decay of PER2 mRNA through an RNA-protein interaction and show that increased PER2 expression is responsible for the phase delay in cycling of several clock genes in the absence of KHSRP
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by conduction of NIAS2 and ARNTL (BMAL1)
    Other regulated by phosphorylation (precisely controls the period and phase of circadian oscillations) (Maier 2009)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) FASPS
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --other  
    deregulation in breast cancer not caused by genetic mutations but most probably by methylation of the PER2 promoter
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • combined PER2 and CRY1 expression predicts outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    dominant role of PER2 in the positive regulator of (BMAL1) loop