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FLASH GENE
Symbol PON2 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 26-03-2010
HGNC name paraoxonase 2
HGNC id 9205
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
HOMOLOGY
interspecies homolog to murine Pou2
Homologene
FAMILY
  • paraoxonase family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,microsome
    text
  • predominant PON2 association with microsomes and lysosomes in the human jejunum (Levy 2007)
  • localization to the ER in endothelial cells (Stoltzl 2009)
  • basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a cellular antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress
  • attenuates macrophage triglyceride accumulation and foam cell formation via inhibition of microsomal DGAT1 activity, which appears to be sensitive to oxidative state (Rosenblat 2009)
  • macrophage PON2 expression is upregulated in unesterified cholesterol-enriched macrophages through activation of the PI(3)K signal pathway (Shiner 2007)
  • having protective effects against prooxidant stimuli in the small intestine (Levy 2007)
  • attenuated macrophage triglyceride accumulation via inhibition of diacylglycerol acyltransferase
  • having a lactonase activity that may play a role in innate immunity, atherosclerosis (Stoltz 2009)
  • effectively rescues PARK7 deficiency-mediated hypersensitivity to oxidative stress
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • is an interacting target of PARK7 (PON2 activity is elevated in response to oxidative stress and PARK7 is crucial for this response)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
  • to coronary heart disease
  • to nephropathy in diabetes type 2
  • to Alzheimer disease (AD)
  • to severe cases of ischemic stroke
  • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • PON2 311C allele alters PON2 lactonase activity and is a possible predisposing factor for severe cases of ischemic stroke (Lazaros 2009)
  • multiple variants in PON influence serum paraoxonase activity, and low serum paraoxonase activity is a risk factor for AD
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS