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FLASH GENE
Symbol ENDOG contributors: mct - updated : 28-03-2015
HGNC name endonuclease G
HGNC id 3346
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
mono polymer homomer , dimer
HOMOLOGY
interspecies homolog to murine endog
Homologene
FAMILY DNA/RNA non specific endonuclease family
CATEGORY DNA associated
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria,interspace
intracellular,nucleus
text
  • is localized in the mitochondria in young cells, but relocalizes to the nucleus upon senescence
  • basic FUNCTION
  • able to generate the RNA primers required by DNA polymerase G, to initiate replication of mtDNA
  • playing a roles in early development and postnatal cell injury
  • promoting cell death of non-invasive breast cancer cells
  • mitochondrion-specific nuclease that translocates to the nucleus during apoptosis
  • cleaves chromatin DNA into nucleosomal fragments independently of caspases
  • represents a caspase-independent apoptotic pathway initiated from the mitochondria
  • mitochondrial enzyme, known to be involved in caspase-independent cell death following translocation to the cellular nucleus
  • important role of ENDOG in the senescence program of human endothelial cells
  • role for ENDOG in the generation of S region DSBs and class switch DNA recombination (CSR)
  • role for ENDOG in maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy
  • ENDOG and TOP2A may actively participate in apoptotic chromatin degradation
  • largely related with a role in the modulation of a caspase-independent cell death pathway in many cellular systems
  • could play a highly specific role in the regulation of anxiety by modulating synaptic components
  • is a mitochondrially localized nuclease that triggers DNA degradation and cell death upon translocation from mitochondria to the nucleus
  • ENDOG is a critical downstream executor of SNCA cytotoxicity
  • is responsible for DNA fragmentation both during and after cell death
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, cell death/apoptosis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
  • manganese Mn2+
  • magnesium Mg2+
  • protein
  • three-stranded DNA may be the preferred substrate of ENDOG
  • preferentially cleaves 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-modified DNA creating a substrate for recombination
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other its ubiquitination by Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) may serve as a regulatory signal independent of proteasomal degradation
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    related resource MITOP database
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in non-invasive breast cancer cells (expression of ENDOG determines their sensitivity to apoptosis)
    constitutional       loss of function
    is cytoprotective against various pro-apoptotic stimuli
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS