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FLASH GENE
Symbol IL11 contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 03-01-2012
HGNC name interleukin 11
HGNC id 5966
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • an extracellular region with a 2-domain structure
  • an immunoglobulin-like domain
  • a cytokine receptor-like domain
  • secondary structure
  • a conserved core motif consisting of four alpha-helices
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to murine Il11
    intraspecies homolog to ciliary neurotrophic factor
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • interleukin-6 cytokine family
  • gp130 family of cytokines
  • long-helix cytokine superfamily
  • CATEGORY signaling cytokine growth factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • stimulating the proliferation of B cells, T cell dependent
  • directly stimulating the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitor cells
  • inducing megakaryocyte maturation resulting in increased platelet production
  • might be important as an anti-inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation
  • IL11/IL11RA pathway plays an important role in the progression and the differentiation of human gastric carcinomas
  • IL11 signaling is clearly required for normal bone turnover and normal trabecular bone mass, yet not for the effects of estradiol or estrogen deficiency on the skeleton
  • inhibits EVT (extravillous trophoblast) invasion via STAT3, indicating a likely role for IL11 in the decidual restraint of EVT invasion during normal pregnancy
  • playing a role via STAT3 and SOCS3 in initiating and progressing decidualization, and regulating human endometrial stromal cell differentiation
  • regulates inflammatory demyelination via a unique combination of immunoregulation and neuroprotection
  • with LIF regulated endometrial epithelial cell adhesion
  • cytokine with pleiotropic activities, including gestational effects
  • has roles in hematopoiesis, immune responses, the nervous system and bone metabolism
  • IL11 signaling is essential for the normal development of craniofacial bones and teeth and that its function is to restrict suture fusion and tooth number
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    cell life, proliferation/growth
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • MSX2, RUNX2 and SMADl transcription factors appear to be key regulators of IL11 effects on IBSP transcription
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by IL13 (is a potent stimulator of IL11 and IL1RA)
    repressed by IFNG (IFN-gamma is a physiological inhibitor of IL11 expression)
    Other PROK1-PROKR1 signalling pathway regulating IL11
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    with HGF, in polycythemia vera (PV)
    constitutional     --over  
    in retina and cornea cells
    constitutional     --over  
    enhances canonical Wnt signal at least in part via a reduction in DKK2 expression to stimulate osteoblast differentiation
    tumoral     --over  
    in the endometrial tumour epithelial cells from Grade 1 and 3
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • IL11 in uterine washings may be useful as a diagnostic marker for early stage endometrial cancer
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    osteoarticularbone 
    possibility of modulation of IL11 signaling for the treatment of craniosynostosis
    cancerhemopathy 
    blocking the MET/HGF/IL11 pathways could be of interest as an additional therapeutic option in polycythemia vera
    immunologyautoimmunemultiple sclerosis
    IL-11 signaling may represent a therapeutic avenue to restrict CNS inflammation and potentiate oligodendrocyte survival in autoimmune demyelinating disease
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS