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FLASH GENE
Symbol FSTL3 contributors: mct - updated : 28-09-2013
HGNC name follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein)
HGNC id 3973
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart     Homo sapiens
Endocrineadrenal gland   highly
Nervousnervecranial nerve  highly
Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
 female systemplacenta  highly
Urinarykidney    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
Muscularstriatumcardiac   Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
 digestive
Cardiovascularendothelial cell Homo sapiens
Muscularmyocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period pregnancy
Text placenta, amniocytes, chorionic villosities
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • N-terminal domain (ND) of FSTL3 interacts uniquely with MSTN as compared with activin A, because it utilizes different surfaces on the ligand
  • two cysteine-rich repeats closely related to class 1-1 follistatin modules
  • two kazal-like domains
  • two potential N-glycosylation sites
  • two FSDs (follistatin domains), but lacks a cell surface heparin-binding motif located in FSD1 of FSL
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Fstl3
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • follistatin-module-protein family
  • CATEGORY regulatory , secretory , protooncogene
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • playing a role in leukemogenesis
  • inhibiting activin A signaling
  • playing a role through regulation of activin and myostatin in normal adult metabolic homeostasis
  • may contribute to bone formation by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation from hematopoietic precursors
  • stress-induced regulator of hypertrophy that controls myocyte size via regulation of SMAD signaling
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text negative feedback loop regulating activin activity
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding to activin and BMP-2
  • direct target gene of the SMAD proteins in response to TGFB
  • interaction of the N-terminal domain of FSTL3 with activin A (extracellular regulator of activin A protein)
  • myostatin interacts with its inhibitor, follistatin-like-3 (FSTL3)
  • GDF9 decreases basal and activin A-induced FST and FSTL3 expression
  • MSTN is tightly controlled by Fst-like 3 (FSTL3), which is the only FST-type molecule that has been identified in the serum bound to myostatin
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by at the transcriptional level by TNF and NFKB1
    induced by TGFB through the activin of SMADS (MADHs) proteins
    with Activin A are induced in heart by myocardial stress
    Other differently regulated in ovarian granulosa-luteal cells by protein kinase C and A
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) FSTL3
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral   translocation --other  
    aberrantly expressed in B cell chronic leukemia and a translocation t(11;19)(q13;p13)
    constitutional     --low  
    first-trimester FSTL3 low levels are associated with glucose intolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus later in pregnancy
    constitutional     --over  
    with FSTL1 in heart failure but returned to normal after recovery
    tumoral     --over  
    increased FST and FSTL3 expression in breast proliferative diseases might counteract the anti-proliferative effects of activin in breast cancer
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target reduced FSTL3 activity (FSTL3 antagonists or activin) might simultaneously reduce visceral adiposity, increase beta cell mass, and improve insulin sensitivity
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    obesity  
    reduced FSTL3 activity (FSTL3 antagonists or activin) might simultaneously reduce visceral adiposity, increase beta cell mass, and improve insulin sensitivity
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS