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FLASH GENE
Symbol SSTR2 contributors: mct - updated : 15-09-2015
HGNC name somatostatin receptor 2
HGNC id 11331
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Endocrinepancreasislet of Langerhans  predominantly Homo sapiens
Hearing/Equilibriumearinnercochlea   Mus musculusFetal
Nervousbrainlimbic systemhippocampus   Homo sapiens
 brainforebraincerebral cortex   Homo sapiens
 brainhindbrainpons highly Homo sapiens
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Muscularstriatum    Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Endocrineislet cell (alpha,beta...) Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • seven transmembrane segments (7TM) receptor
  • transcription factor binding site
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Smstr2
    intraspecies homolog to SSTR5,SSTR1
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
  • CATEGORY signaling hormone , receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • involved in growth hormone regulation and cell proliferation
  • couple to the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase
  • mediates inhibition of hormone secretion and cell proliferation, and modulates neurotransmission
  • its activation results in the recruitment and stable association of beta-arrestin, followed by receptor internalization and intracellular receptor pooling
  • participates in the development and maturation of specific neuronal populations during brain ontogenesis
  • in response to somatostatin, mediates inhibition of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone release and thus may affect glucose homeostasis
  • behaves as a tumor suppressor when expressed and stimulated by its ligand somatostatin in pancreatic cancer
  • SSTR1, SSTR2 may have important functional roles in the inner ear
  • SSTR2 and SSTR5 are important markers in the regulation and development of Sertoli cell
  • whereas SSTR2 might play a primary role in the differentiation and regulation of TSH, LH, and FSH cells, SSTR5 appear to be mainly involved in GH regulation from birth onward
  • contributions of GRHL3, SSTR2 and SSTR4 receptors in olfactory processing
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • heterodimerize with SSTR5
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • SSTR2 plays a crucial role in modulation of ADRB1 and ADRB2 mediated signaling pathways that are associated with increased intracellular Ca(2+) and cardiac complications
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other agonist-selective SSTR2 internalization is regulated by multi-site phosphorylation of its C-terminal tail
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in pancreatic cancer cells, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
    tumoral     --over  
    in T-leukaemia cell lines
    tumoral     --over  
    by estrogen in breast cancer cells
    constitutional       loss of function
    early loss of function may be associated with the selective vulnerability of the noradrenergic system in Alzheimer disease
    tumoral     --low  
    with PLAGL1, are underexpressed in non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA), compared to somatotropinomas and normal pituitaries
    tumoral     --low  
    significantly methylated in Colorectal cancer tissues when compared with adjacent normal colorectal tissues
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • use of liver tissue SSTR2 protein and mRNA is a reliable tumor marker for liver cancer rather than AFP which is always misleading during silent stages of hepatocarcinogenesis
  • with CMTM3, and MDFI having a potential role as biomarkers for colorectal cancer
  • Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cancerthyroid 
    valid target for treatment of thyroid tumours
    cancerhemopathy 
    useful targets for therapy during inflammatory diseases and malignancies affecting lymphocytesuseful targets for therapy during inflammatory diseases and malignancies affecting lymphocytes
    cardiovascularcardiomyopathy 
    cardiac protective role of SSTR2 via modulation of Ca(2+) associated signaling pathways attributed to cardiac hypertrophy
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS