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FLASH GENE
Symbol IRF2 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 06-04-2020
HGNC name interferon regulatory factor 2
HGNC id 6117
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart    
Digestiveintestine   highly
 mouth   highly
Nervousbrain    
Reproductivemale systemprostate   
Respiratoryrespiratory tracttrachea  highly
Urinarykidney    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow  highly
Epithelialsensoryolfactory  
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • ISRE (interferon stimulated response element)
  • a DNA binding domain at the N terminus (with tandem repeats)
  • a helix-hairpin-strand motif at the C terminus
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • IRF family
  • CATEGORY regulatory , transcription factor , signaling cytokine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
    basic FUNCTION
  • repressor of IRF1, functioning as a transcriptional activator of histone H4
  • regulates NFKB activity via the modulation of NFKB subcellular localization
  • is acetylated in a cell growth-dependent manner, which enables it to contribute to the transcription of cell growth-regulated promoters
  • involved in the initiation and progression of tumors
  • IRF2 regulates exocytosis in pancreatic acinar cells, and defects in this process might be involved in the early phases of acute pancreatitis
  • IRF1 and IRF2 may regulate the progression of pancreatic cancer by functioning as an antioncoprotein and oncoprotein, respectively
  • IRF2, an ISG and a negative regulator of IFN signaling, influences alphavirus neuroinvasion and pathogenesis
  • is an important regulator of the proinflammatory response in macrophages by controlling HIF1A-dependent glycolytic gene expression and glycolysis
  • IRF2 regulates pro-inflammatory response in macrophages and could also impair epidermal function critically required to maintain the essential skin barrier
  • is a master regulator of human keratinocyte stem cell fate
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA binding to interferon stimulated response element (ISRE)
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • IRF2/NFKB interaction may play a role in the contexts of tumorigenesis
  • nucleolin is recruited to acetylated IRF2, thereby contributing to gene regulation crucial for the control of cell growth
  • interacting with MDM2 (Pettersson 2009)
  • HPV-16 E7 expression downregulates the IRF2 promoter, thus linking IRF2 levels to viral transforming gene expression through a negative feedback mechanism
  • multi-faceted role of IRF2 in the function of B cells, particularly B2 cells, through regulating proliferation in an IFNAR-dependent manner and antibody production via up-regulation of PRDM1
  • IRF1 and IRF2 could bind to IFP35 promoter and upregulate endogenous IFP35 protein level
  • IRF2 binds INPP4B promoter and promotes INPP4B expression in Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells
  • IRF1 and IRF2 bind to the TRIM14 promoter and activate transcription of TRIM14
  • IRF2, is required for pyroptosis following cytosolic LPS delivery and functions by directly regulating CASP4 levels in human monocytes
  • IRF2 was found to be a transcriptional activator of CASP4, and in its absence, induction of IRF1 could substitute to maintain CASP4 expression
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by induced in IFN-stimulated cells
    Other sumoylation of IRF2 regulates likely its transcriptional activities
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional       loss of function
    induces a rapid, dramatic, and sustained enhancement of stem cell function in human keratinocytes
    constitutional       loss of function
    results in dampened inflammasome responses upon infection with Gram-negative bacteria
    Susceptibility
  • to atopic dermatitis in japanese patients
  • to psoriasis (PSORS13)
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP 921G/A SNP in exon 9 increasing the risk of psoriasis
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyinflammatory 
    therapeutic target to treat inflammatory disorders associated with dysregulations of macrophage activations
    cancerhemopathy 
    IRF2 may be a potential target for Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS