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FLASH GENE
Symbol IL31 contributors: mct - updated : 08-09-2015
HGNC name interleukin 31
HGNC id 19372
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveintestinelarge intestinecolon  
 intestinesmall intestine   
Lymphoid/Immunethymus    
Reproductivemale systemtestis   
Respiratoryrespiratory tracttrachea   
Urinarykidney    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow   
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Lymphoid/ImmuneT cell
Skin/Tegumentkeratinocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
isoforms Precursor producing a 141 aa mature protein
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY IL6 protein family
CATEGORY signaling cytokine
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
basic FUNCTION
  • may be involved in the promotion of allergic skin disorders and in regulating other allergic diseases, such as asthma
  • activating STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5
  • might contribute to the development of AD-induced skin inflammation and pruritus
  • cytokine involved in pruritic skin diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD) and chronic spontaneous urticaria
  • functional role of I31 in in human primary keratinocytes (HPKs)
  • is a key mediator of itching in atopic dermatitis (AD) and is preferentially produced by activated CD4(+) T cells and Th2 cells
  • OSM and interleukin-31 (IL31) are two cytokines belonging to the IL6 family which share a common signaling receptor subunit, OSMR
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
  • IL31 signaling may be a contributing factor in the persistence and exacerbation of atopic dermatitis (AD), skin lesions
  • a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • T-cell cytokine acting through a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL31RA and OSMR
  • IL4 is essential for the production of IL31, whereas TGFB1 significantly suppresses IL31 expression at the mRNA and protein levels
  • NFATC2 and JUNB cooperatively regulate IL31 gene expression in CD4+ T cells in health and disease
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other expression is associated with cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)-positive T cells
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    IL-31 was significantly overexpressed in pruritic atopic compared with nonpruritic psoriatic skin inflammation
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • alopecia, severe pruritis, skin thickening, and conjunctivitis, but no internal organ changes, in transgenic mice overexpressing mouse Il31
  • Treatment of Rag1 -/- mice with exogenous Il31 demonstrated that the alopecia, but not the pruritis, was lymphocyte dependent