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FLASH GENE
Symbol RSPO4 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 18-12-2023
HGNC name R-spondin family, member 4
HGNC id 16175
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
constitutive of
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousnerve    
Reproductivemale systemtestis   
Visualeye    
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period embryo
Text nail
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a FU (furin-like) repeat required for activation and stabilization of beta-catenin
  • a TSP type-1 domain,encoded by exon 4 display significant similarity among protein family members
  • C-terminal basic region encoded by exon 5 is of varying length and scores as a nuclear localization signal
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • R-spondin family
  • CATEGORY regulatory
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • activator of the beta-catenin signaling cascade, leading to TCF-dependent gene activation
  • acting both in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway, possibly via a direct interaction with Wnt
  • proteins, and in a Wnt-independent beta catenin pathway through a receptor
  • play a major role in activating the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway
  • having essential roles in vertebrate development and its ligand-type activities overlap substantially with those of the canonical Wnt ligands in that both Rspo and canonical Wnt signaling result in the activation of beta-catenin
  • potentiate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, an important pathway in embryonic development that is constitutively active in many cancers
  • modulate the Wnt pathway by a common mechanism and coexpression with specific Wnt ligands and DKK1 may determine their biological specificity
  • RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3, RSPO4 can stimulate the proliferation of intestinal crypt stem cells, through enhancement of Wnt/CTNNB signaling
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • binding heparin
  • in nail development, first steps require interaction with WNT7A, Noggin, BMP4 (bone morphogenetic protein 4 and LMX1B
  • potentiate Wnt/CTNNB signaling by actually functioning as ligands of LGR4 and LGR5
  • each of the four R-spondins, secreted Wnt pathway agonists, can bind to LGR4, LGR5 and LGR6 (Pubmed 21727895)
  • LGR6 had a close interaction with RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3, and RSPO4
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) ANYC
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS