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FLASH GENE

Symbol

PAK2

contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 03-09-2009

HGNC name	p21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 2
HGNC id	8591

FLASH GENE DNA RNA EXPRESSION PROTEIN DISORDER ANIMAL & CELL MODELS

EXPRESSION

Type	ubiquitous

constitutive of

expressed in	(based on citations)
organ(s)	System Organ level 1 Organ level 2 Organ level 3 Organ level 4 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol blood / hematopoietic spleen       highly   thymus       highly Reproductive female system ovary     highly

tissue

System Tissue Tissue level 1 Tissue level 2 Level Pubmed Species Stage Rna symbol Lymphoid         Muscular striatum skeletal

cell lineage

cell lines

fluid/secretion

at STAGE

PROTEIN

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

STRUCTURE

motifs/domains	a GBD domain
	a C-terminal regulatory domain with RAC1/CDC42-binding domains (CRIB)
	a C-terminal kinase region

conjugated

PhosphoP

HOMOLOGY

interspecies	homolog to murine Pak1,Pak3,Pak2
	homolog to rattus Rn10116,Pak1,Pak3
	homolog to Drosophila Cg10295,Pak
	homolog to C.elegans Pak1,Y38f1a.10,C09b8.7

intraspecies	homolog to PAK1
	homolog to PAK3

Homologene

FAMILY	protein kinase superfamily
	STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family
	STE20 subfamily

CATEGORY

enzyme

SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION	intracellular
	intracellular,nucleus
	intracellular,nuclear envelope

basic FUNCTION	protein kinase inhibition
	linking Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling
	playing a role in the regulation of the biochemistry and morphology of the apoptotic cell
	phosphorylating ribosomal protein S6, histone H4 and myelin basic protein
	regulates spindle orientation in a CDC42/Rac1 binding-dependent and kinase activity-independent manner
	cooperate with PAK1, PAK3 kinase, and CHL1, most likely in independent pathways, in regulating morphological development of the leading process/apical dendrite of embryonic cortical neurons
	critical molecule coordinating cytoskeletal systems for efficient cell migration

CELLULAR PROCESS

cell organization/biogenesis

PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS

PATHWAY

metabolism

signaling

signal transduction

a component

INTERACTION

DNA

RNA

small molecule

protein	GTP bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1
	binding to Scrib-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex
	MAPK4 is a potential PAK2 substrate

cell & other

REGULATION

activated by	proteolytic cleavage during caspase-mediated apoptosis by DEVD-sensitive caspase(s)
	Rho family GTPase (CDC42 and RAC1) by induction of autophosphorylation
	FMLP stimulation of neutrophils
	by Rac or Cdc42 stimulates cell survival and protects cells from cell death

ASSOCIATED DISORDERS

corresponding disease(s)

Other morbid association(s)

Type Gene Modification Chromosome rearrangement Protein expression Protein Function constitutional     --low   enhances RhoA activity and inhibition of RhoA signaling in PAK22-depleted cells decreases myosin light chain phosphorylation and restores cell invasion in breast carcinoma

Susceptibility

Variant & Polymorphism

Candidate gene

Marker

Therapy target

ANIMAL & CELL MODELS