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FLASH GENE
Symbol ACACA contributors: mct - updated : 07-06-2016
HGNC name acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha
HGNC id 84
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver   highly
Nervousbrain    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadipose  highly
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
conjugated PhosphoP
HOMOLOGY
Homologene
FAMILY
  • biotin containing enzyme family
  • CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,mitochondria
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleolus
    basic FUNCTION
  • acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha, biotin dependent
  • catalyzing the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, an intermediate substrate playing a pivotal role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and energy production
  • major regulatory enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
  • crucial roles in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis and lipogenesis and essential for cancer cell survival
  • involved in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, and malonyl-CoA produced is used as a building block to extend the chain length of fatty acids by fatty acid synthase (FAS)
  • with FABP2 are both key factors of lipogenesis and transport
  • essential role for ACACA-mediated de novo lipogenesis as a regulator of CD8(+) T cell expansion
  • ACACA and ACLY regulate the levels of ETV4 under hypoxia via increased alpha-ketoglutarate
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism energetic , lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor,
  • biotin
  • protein
  • interacting with BRCT domain of BRCA1, and affecting lipogenesis
  • regulated at a tertiary level by MID1IP1, which facilitates ACACA polymerization and enhances enzymatic activity
  • PRKAA1 might regulate NADPH homeostasis by inhibiting ACACA and ACACB
  • PRKAA1-mediated inhibition of ACACA is required to maintain the NADPH and reactive oxygen species levels after matrix detachment
  • renin synthesis and secretion are regulated by PRKAA1 and coupled to metabolism by phosphorylation of ACACA
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by SREBF1 in lipogenesis (activating number of enzyme genes, such as FASN or ACACA, that are involved in this pathway at the transcriptional level
    Other phospho/dephosphorylation
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) ACACA
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    with the decreased expression of PRKAB1 and overexpression of MLYCD are important regulators of the maturation of fatty acid oxidation in the newborn heart
    Susceptibility to breast cancer
    Variant & Polymorphism other ACACA polymorphism increasing breast cancer risk
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS