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FLASH GENE
Symbol GRIK4 contributors: mct/npt - updated : 16-05-2019
HGNC name glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4
HGNC id 4582
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousbrainlimbic systemhippocampus   Homo sapiens
 brainhindbraincerebellum   Homo sapiens
Reproductivefemale systemuterus   
 male systemtestis   
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousneuron Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • four transmembrane segments (4TM)
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • glutamate-gated ionic channel family
  • CATEGORY receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    text predominantly showed presynaptic localization
    basic FUNCTION
  • acting as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system
  • GRIK4 may act through the JNK pathway to regulate the molecular cascades that lead to excitotoxicity
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • forms functional heteromeric kainate-preferring ionic channels with the subunits encoded by related gene family members
  • heteromeric channel with GRIK1 or GRIK3
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    of GRIK4, and GRIK5 in the hippocampus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)
    constitutional     --over  
    enhances synaptic transmission, causing a persistent imbalance in inhibitory and excitatory activity and disturbing the circuits responsible for the main amygdala outputs
    Susceptibility
  • to schizophrenia
  • to bipolar disorder
  • to Major depressive disorder (MDD)
  • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • haplotypes significantly associated with increased risk of schizophrenia and decreased risk of bipolar disorder, respectively
  • rs56275759 of GRIK4 gene might be associated with MDD
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • mice overexpressing Grik4 in the forebrain displayed social impairment, enhanced anxiety, and depressive states, accompanied by altered synaptic transmission, showing more efficient information transfer through the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit
  • GluK4 knockout mice also showed marked hyperactivity and impaired pre-pulse inhibition, thereby mirroring two of the hallmark endophenotypes of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder