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FLASH GENE
Symbol CARTPT contributors: mct/npt - updated : 07-06-2023
HGNC name CART prepropeptide
HGNC id 24323
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 933 - 116 - 2021 33757831
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Endocrineneuroendocrinepituitary   
Nervousbraindiencephalonhypothalamus specific
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousneuron
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
secondary structure compact structure containing three disulfide bridges is necessary for preservation of full biological activity of CARTPT (Maixnerova 2007)
HOMOLOGY
interspecies homolog to rattus Cart
Homologene
FAMILY
  • CART family
  • CATEGORY regulatory , signaling neurotransmitter
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • satiety factor, anorexigenic peptide responding to leptin
  • regulating bone resorption independently of the role it may exert in energy metabolism
  • plays an important role in the hypothalamic regulation of energy balance by reducing food intake and increasing lipid substrate utilization
  • inhibits expression of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and induces expression of uncoupling proteins
  • involved in reward and feeding behavior and has functional characteristics of an endogenous psychostimulant (Lohoff 2008)
  • plays an important role in the hypothalamic regulation of energy balance by reducing food intake and increasing lipid substrate utilization (Vasseur 2007)
  • potential implication in lipid metabolism and in atherogenesis (Vasseur 2007)
  • CART is functional in inhibiting the cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced ER stress and neuronal apoptosis by facilitating the transcription, synthesis and secretion of BDNF in a CREB-dependent way
  • is a regulator of glucose homeostasis and could play an important role in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes
  • CARTPT is important for maintaining the beta-cell phenotype
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • direct causal role of NR4A1 in sustained activation of CARTPT and in attenuation of cocaine-evoked behavior
  • leptin
  • GPR160 cannot be a receptor for CARTPT
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other amphetamine and cocaine regulated transcript
    regulated by circulating leptin
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in type 2 diabetic islets and inhibits glucagon secretion and increases insulin secretion
    Susceptibility
  • to obesity
  • to atherogenesis
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP , other
  • L34F increase the risk of obesity
  • SNP 3608C>T) associated with lower plasma LDL-cholesterol levels suggesting protection against the development of atherogenesis
  • Candidate gene
  • reduced CARTPT is a sign of hypothalamic dysfunction in dementia with Lewy bodies and may serve as a biomarker for this patient group (Schulz 2009)
  • Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • overexpressed beta cell Cartpt increases insulin secretion in mouse models of insulin resistance and diabetes