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FLASH GENE
Symbol IZUMO1 contributors: npt/mct/pgu - updated : 30-08-2022
HGNC name izumo sperm-egg fusion 1
HGNC id 28539
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
10 - 1657 39 350 - 2021 34879103
9 - 1020 - 237 - 2021 34879103
9 - 1183 - 176 - 2021 34879103
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Reproductivemale systemtestis  highly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Nervousperipherous   
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • an extracellular immunoglobulin domain
  • one putative glycosylation site
  • four putative O-glycosylation sites at the 268th, 274th, 279th and 282nd threonine
  • conjugated GlycoP
    mono polymer complex
    HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • immunoglobulin superfamily
  • CATEGORY adhesion , antigen
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
    text
  • type I membrane protein
  • hidden under the plasma membrane, becoming detectable on sperm surface only after the acrosome reaction
  • basic FUNCTION
  • involved in membrane fusion between sperm and egg (essentiel for fusion)
  • involved in the fertilization process in sperm
  • membrane protein that is not exposed to the outside of sperm, but is hidden under the plasma membrane before acrosome reaction
  • membrane protein that is not exposed to the outside of sperm, but is hidden under the plasma membrane before acrosome reaction
  • playing a role in oocyte-spermatozoa fusion failure
  • sperm protein that is essential for gamete fusion
  • IZUMO1 alone cannot promote sperm-egg membrane fusion, but it works as a factor that is related to the cellular surface interaction, such as the tethering of the membranes by a helical region corresponding to IZUMO1PFF-core
  • requirement of two spermatozoon factors, IZUMO1 and SPACA6, and two oocyte factors, CD9 and the IZUMO1R, has been proven in Sperm-egg fusion
  • sperm-egg fusion is the critical step in mammalian fertilization, and requires the interaction between IZUMO1 on the sperm surface and IZUMO1R on the egg surface
  • sperm protein IZUMO1 and its recently identified binding partner on the oolemma, IZUMO1R, are among the first ligand-receptor pairs shown to be essential for gamete recognition and adhesion
  • IZUMO1 and SPACA6 are likely necessary for gamete fusion and their concomitant presence would be required for the recruitment of another essential molecular actor, such as a fusogen, for the fusion to take place
  • LLCFC1, TMEM95, and SPACA6 may function cooperatively with IZUMO1 and/or unknown fusogens in sperm-oocyte fusion (
  • IZUMO1 and C16orf92 on the sperm membrane and CD9 and IZUMO1R/FOLR4 on the oocyte membrane have been identified as fusion-required proteins
  • IZUMO1 and IZUMO1R genes form a ligand-receptor protein pair involved in the recognition of sperm and egg
  • IZUMO1 may be involved in organizing or stabilizing a multiprotein complex essential for the membrane fusion in which TMEM95 could act as a fusogen due to its possible interaction with IZUMO1
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS reproduction/sex
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • biological importance of the IZUMO1-IZUMO1R interaction in sperm-oocyte recognition during mammalian fertilization
  • GLIPRL1L1 is a physiologically relevant regulator of IZUMO1 function and the fertilization process
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    Other protected by N-glycan from fragmentation during sperm maturation in epididymis
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
  • evaluating IZUMO1 protein levels is useful for predicting fecundity, and is a suitable test for male fertility
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    mice deficient in Izumo by homologous recombination with deletion of exons 2 through 10 are healthy mice with fertile females but sterile males with normal reproductive behavior and sperm migration to the perivitelline spaces
  • sterility of Izumo -/- sperm
  • heterozygote males had no impairment of fertility
  • intracytoplasmic sperm injection using mutant sperm resulted in successful fertilization of eggs that implanted normally and developed to term