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FLASH GENE
Symbol GAST contributors: mct - updated : 26-09-2013
HGNC name gastrin
HGNC id 4164
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
2 - 475 - 101 - 2004 1511518
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveintestinesmall intestineduodenum moderately Homo sapiensAdult
Endocrinepancreas   moderately Homo sapiensFetal
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Epithelialabsorptive excretorydigestive epithelium  
Epithelialbarrier/lininguroepithelium  
Epithelialsecretoryglandularexocrine 
Epithelialsecretoryglandularendocrine 
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
isoforms Precursor Progastrin is processed to a number of peptides including glycine-extended gastrin, amidated gastrin and the C-terminal flanking peptide (CTFP)
HOMOLOGY
interspecies homolog to murine Gas
Homologene
FAMILY gastrin/cholecystokinin family
CATEGORY signaling hormone
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    plasma membrane
basic FUNCTION
  • stimulating the stomach mucosa to produce and secrete hydrochloric acid and the pancreas to secrete its digestive enzymes
  • secreted from neuroendocrine cells residing in the adult antrum called G cells
  • normally regulates gastric acid secretion by stimulating the proliferation of enterochromaffin-like cells and the release of histamine
  • C-terminal flanking peptide (CTFP) of progastrin inhibits apoptosis via a PI3-kinase-dependent pathway
  • might alter colonic epithelial cells via indirect mechanisms to promote neoplasia
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
  • gastrin bind two ferric ions with high affinity, and iron binding is essential for the biological activity of non-amidated gastrins
  • protein
  • regulation of TFF2 by gastrin may play a role in the maintenance and repair of the gastrointestinal mucosa
  • proximal DNA elements within the GAST promoter mediate interactions between JUND, which induces GAST gene expression and MEN1, which suppresses JUND-mediated activation
  • clathrin mediates endocytosis of gastrin and activates MAPKs, with a role of cell surface annexin A2
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --low  
    in gastric cancer
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS