Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol GPR4 contributors: mct - updated : 29-11-2016
HGNC name G protein-coupled receptor 4
HGNC id 4497
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
2 - 3057 - 362 - 2011 22110680
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart    
Digestivemouthtongue  highly
Endocrinethyroid   highly
Lymphoid/Immunespleen   highly
 thymus   highly
Respiratorylung    
Urinarykidneyrenal medulla  moderately Homo sapiens
 kidneytubulecollecting duct   Homo sapiens
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadiposewhite   Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularendothelial cell Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
seven transmembrane segments (7TM) receptor
conjugated GlycoP
HOMOLOGY
intraspecies homolog to platelet-activating factor receptor (PTAFR)
Homologene
FAMILY proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor family
CATEGORY receptor
SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane
basic FUNCTION
  • rhodopsin-like receptor activity
  • is a pH sensor with an important role in regulating acid secretion in the kidney collecting duct
  • GPR4 activation by an acidic pH inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion
  • acidosis/GPR4 signaling regulates endothelial cell adhesion mainly through the G(s)/cAMP/RAPGEF3 pathway and may play a role in the inflammatory response of vascular endothelial cells
  • GPR4, GPR65 and GPR68 are G protein-coupled receptors that aid cells to sense and survive conditions of acidic pH
  • GPR4, GPR68, GPR65, GPR132 are regulators of cell proliferation and migration during tumor growth and wound healing
  • proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor and an acid sensor in brain, kidney, and blood vessels
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • TNFSF11-expression by osteoblasts in an acidic environment was mediated by cAMP/PRKACA signaling resulting from GPR4 activation 0)
  • affects endothelial cells (ECs) by regulating NOTCH1, a function that may be important for physiological and pathological angiogenesis
  • is a novel component of central blood pressure control through interactions with the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by by extracellular protons in the physiological pH range (i.e. pH 7.7 - 6.8) and is coupled to the production of cAMP
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    tumoral     --over  
    in cancer tissues
    constitutional       loss of function
    improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • expression and activity of the key transport proteins in Gpr4 -/- mice are consistent with spontaneous metabolic acidosis, but the adaptive response to a superimposed exogenous acid load is blunted
  • mice lacking Gpr4 have an improved intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and increased insulin sensitivity