basic FUNCTION
| inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration |
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cardiac-secreted factor functioning as an antiapoptotic protein that could play a role in myocardial maintenance and repair in response to harmful stimuli |
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acting as a muscle-derived secreted factor that is up-regulated by AKT1 activation and ischemic stress and exerting favorable actions on the heart and vasculature |
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promotes endothelial cell function and accelerates ischemia-induced revascularization |
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functions as an injury-induced secreted protein that protects against ischemic damage |
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can directly act on cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells to protect them from apoptosis through activation of the AKT1 protein kinase, a key regulator of growth and cell survival in the cardiovascular system |
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also implicated in immune cell regulation |
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is potentially one of the mesenchymal factors determining oviductal epithelial cell fate |
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appears to function independently of TGFB family proteins |
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functions as an injury-induced, antihypertrophic “cardiokine” that activates AMPK signaling |
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has the function of evoking innate immune responses as one of the endogenous TLR4 agonists |