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FLASH GENE
Symbol RND1 contributors: mct - updated : 13-01-2015
HGNC name Rho family GTPase 1
HGNC id 18314
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
5 - 1665 - 232 - 2013 22618864
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart    
Digestiveliver    
 stomach   moderately
Endocrinepancreas    
Nervousbrain   moderately
Respiratorylung   moderately
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectiveadipose  highly
Epithelialsecretoryglandularendocrine 
Epithelialsecretoryglandularexocrine 
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion predominantly in lymph
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • a KERRA (Lys-Glu-Arg-Arg-Ala) sequence of AAs in the N-terminus, which functions as the lipid raft-targeting determinant
  • a CAAX box motif
  • three guanine-binding motifs
  • two loops and a threonine involved in phosphate binding
  • three major residues that coordinate magnesium in the GTP-bound state
  • a terminal methionine residue
  • conjugated LipoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Rnd1 (96.6 pc)
    homolog to murine Rnd1 (96.6 pc)
    intraspecies homolog to ARHE
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • small GTPase superfamily
  • RHO family
  • CATEGORY adhesion , regulatory , receptor membrane G
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     plasma membrane,junction,adherens
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton
    basic FUNCTION
  • inhibiting the formation of actin stress fibers, membrane ruffles and integrin-based focal adhesions
  • inducing loss of cell-substrate adhesion leading to cell rounding
  • inducing the Rac-dependant neuritic process formation in part by disruption of the cortical actin filament
  • controling rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton
  • causing the formation of many neuritic processes from the cell body with disruption of the cortical actin filaments
  • implicated in the regulation of neurite outgrowth, dendrite development, and axon guidance
  • enhancing the microtubule destabilizing activity of STMN2 and both proteins colocalize in neurons
  • involved in the guidance of axons by interacting with the cytoplasmic domain of plexins, which form the signaling subunit of semaphorin receptors
  • affects actin dynamics antagonistically to RHO and has been implicated in the regulation of neurite outgrowth, dendrite development, and axon guidance
  • RND1, RND2, and RND3 are well known as key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton in various cell types, but they comprise a distinct subgroup of the RHO family in that they are GTP bound and constitutively active (pMID: 22357615)
  • induces a loss of stress fibres and weakening of cell-cell junctions
  • restrains activation of Ras-MAPK signalling and breast tumour initiation and progression
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text negative regulation of cell adhesion ; neuron remodeling
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
  • farnesylated
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule nucleotide,
  • binding constitutively to GTP and having a low affinity for GDP
  • protein
  • binding to the C terminus of SOC
  • binding to GRB7 and PLXNB1
  • interacts with the microtubule regulator STMN2 (interaction requires a central domain of STMN2 comprising about 40 AAs located within the N-terminal-half of a putative alpha-helical domain) (Li 2009)
  • interacts with the microtubule regulator STMN2
  • RND1, RND2, RND3 bind directly to ARHGAP35 and equally induce activation of ARHGAP35 (pMID: 22357615)
  • RND1, RND2, and RND3 stability is acutely dependent on interaction with their effectors such as PLEKHG5 or ARHGAP35
  • PLXNB1 binds in a GTP-dependent manner to RAC1, RAC2, RAC3, RND1, RND2, RND3, and RHOD
  • cytoplasmic STIP1 directly interacts with the GTPase RND1
  • participates in RND1-induced signal transduction pathways that are involved in the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton
  • POU5F1 affects the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells through RND1-mediated effects that influence cell motility and E-cadherin expression
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS