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FLASH GENE
Symbol PPM1G contributors: mct - updated : 16-05-2015
HGNC name protein phosphatase 1G (formerly 2C), magnesium-dependent, gamma isoform
HGNC id 9278
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
text
  • alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described
  • identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    10 splicing 2265 59 546 - 2006 17074886
  • encoding the same protein than variant 2
  • differing in the 5' UTR compared to variant 2
  • - splicing 2165 59 546 - 2006 17074886
  • 11 exons
  • encoding the same protein than variant 1
  • differing in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1
  • EXPRESSION
    Type
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Cardiovascularheart   highly
     vessel   highly
    Digestiveesophagus   predominantly
     liver   highly
    Lymphoid/Immunethymus   highly
     tonsils   highly
    Reproductivemale systemtestis  highly
    Skin/Tegumentskin   highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / hematopoieticbone marrow  highly
    Muscularstriatumskeletal  
    cell lineage
    cell lines proliferating cells
    fluid/secretion moderately in blood
    at STAGE
    physiological period fetal
    Text highly in umbilical cord
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES acid
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • putative PEST sequences
  • numerous potential sites for phosphorylation
  • a possible myristylation site
  • a distinctive acidic domain, essential for its activity in splicing and interacting with YBX1, a spliceosome-associated factor
  • conjugated PhosphoP
    mono polymer monomer
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Ppm1g (94.8 pc)
    homolog to murine Ppm1g (94.7 pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY PP2C family
    CATEGORY enzyme
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus
    basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a serine/threonine specific protein phosphatases
  • first required-during the early stages of spliceosome assembly for efficient formation of the A complex (activity highly specific)
  • inhibiting DNA synthesis
  • inhibiting cell cycle progression (cells blocked in G1 and early S phases)
  • nuclear localized serine/threonine phosphatase implicated to be a regulator of chromatin remodeling, mRNA splicing, and DNA damage
  • critical role for PPM1G in normal development and cell survival
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell cycle, checkpoint
    nucleotide, RNA splicing
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    text cell cycle arrest
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
  • component of splicing-complementing factor-1 (SCF1)
  • INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule metal binding, cofactor,
  • two Mg2+ or Mn2+ per subunit
  • protein
  • associated with the spliceosome
  • interacts with and dephosphorylates the SMN complex
  • interplay between PPM1G and STRAP determine compartment-specific phosphorylation patterns, localization, and function of the SMN complex
  • involved in dephosphorylation of USP7S, leading to USP7S downregulation, followed by MDM2 downregulation and accumulation of TP53
  • PPM1G binds to EIF4EBP1 in cells (PPM1G is a novel regulator of cap-dependent protein translation by negatively controlling the phosphorylation of EIF4EBP1)
  • phosphatase PPM1G is a functional switch that controls the balance between monomeric WWP2 and a WWP2/WWP1 heterodimeric state in the cell
  • functional E3 ligase complex controlled by PPM1G that differentially regulates cellular TP73 and deltaNp73
  • PPM1G phosphatase directly binds RN7SK RNA and the kinase inhibitor HEXIM1 once CCNT1 has been released from the RN7SK snRNP
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by fibroblast growth factor 4 and serum in late G1 phase
    inhibited by fluoride
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • ppm1g(-/-) mice were embryonic lethal with incomplete penetrance after E12.5