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FLASH GENE
Symbol SCARB1 contributors: mct/npt/pgu - updated : 05-11-2015
HGNC name scavenger receptor class B, member 1
HGNC id 1664
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
13 - 2759 - 509 - 2008 1847747
12 - 2630 - 506 - 2008 1847747
EXPRESSION
Type
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver     Homo sapiens
Reproductivefemale systemplacenta    Mus musculusFetal
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestivehepatocyte Homo sapiens
Urinarypodocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period pregnancy
Text placenta
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • an extracellular loop with a large extracellular domain (ECD) binding HDL
  • six cysteine residue cytoplasmic N and C termini
  • two cysteine residues in the later
  • six cysteine (Cys) residues in the extracellular domain that are involved in disulfide bond formation, and those intramolecular disulfide bonds appear to maintain the receptor in a conformation integral to its cholesterol transport functions
  • HOMOLOGY
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • CD36 family
  • CATEGORY receptor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,lysosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,vesicle
    text present on the plasma membrane but also localizes to stable intracellular compartments of unknown function, and also found on lysosomes
    basic FUNCTION
  • mediating relevant selective cholesterol transport
  • involved in controlling HDL cholesterol, HDL structure and delivery of cholesterol to steroidogenic tissues, and playing a critical role in lipoprotein metabolism, mainly due to its ability to mediate selective high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol uptake concentration
  • playing a role in photoreceptor outer segment lipid binding and uptake by RPE cells in the eye
  • controls high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism by mediating cellular selective uptake of lipids from HDL without the concomitant degradation of the lipoprotein particle
  • role in mediating the selective uptake of cholesterol from HDL in hepatocytes, steroidogenic cells, and other tissues
  • may function in cholesterol trafficking from late endosomes/lysosomes
  • is potentially a critical protective modulator of sepsis
  • plays a significant role in macrophage cholesterol flux that may partly account for its effects on atherogenesis
  • C323 of SCARB1 is critical for SCARB1-mediated HDL binding and cholesteryl ester uptake, and changes in redox status may be a regulatory factor modulating SCARB1-mediated cholesterol transport
  • through interaction with plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol, SCARB1 serves as a PM cholesterol sensor, and the resulting intracellular signaling governs processes in both enterocytes and endothelial cells
  • presence of SCARB1 in extraembryonic tissues is involved in the maternal-fetal transport of cholesterol and/or other lipids with a role during neural tube closure and fetal growth
  • binds HDL and mediates selective delivery of cholesteryl esters (CEs) to the liver, adrenals, and gonads for product formation (bile acids and steroids)
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism lipid/lipoprotein
    signaling
    cholesterol
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • with SCARF1 and MSR1, are receptors for UMOD
  • interacting with PDZK1 (its expression is primarily controlled at the post-transcriptional level by its interaction with the scaffold protein PDZK1)
  • binds HDL and mediates the uptake of cholesteryl ester from HDL
  • binds HDL and mediates selective delivery of cholesteryl esters (CEs) to the liver and steroidogenic cells of the adrenal glands and gonads
  • SLC9A3R1 and SLC9A3R2 are SCARB1 protein binding partners that play a negative role in the regulation of SCARB1 expression, selective CE (cholesteryl ester) transport, and steroidogenesis
  • SIGLEC1 can interact with SCARB1 in the phagocytosis of oxLDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein) by macrophages, rather than act as an independent receptor for oxLDL
  • SLC9A3R1, SLC9A3R2 down-regulated SCARB1 at least in part via the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by phosphorylation of its associated protein, PDZK1
    Other transcriptionally regulated by steroidogenic factor 1
    regulated by PDZK1 (important for maintaining adequate steady state levels of SCARB1 in the liver but is not essential for cell surface expression or function of hepatic form)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --low  
    loss of SRB1 in RETT syndrome cells having a relationship with a chronic oxidative stress status
    Susceptibility
  • to atherosclerosis
  • to high risk of cardiovascular disease
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP , other
  • polymorphism associated to increased HDL-C level; SCARB1 rs4238001 and rs10846744 SNPs may contribute to human female infertility (
  • increased plasma HDL concentrations in S112F or T175A mutants may not be associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • murine embryos lacking Scarb1 exhibit a high prevalence of exencephaly with a sex bias toward females