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FLASH GENE
Symbol CYP2C19 contributors: mct - updated : 18-04-2019
HGNC name cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 19
HGNC id 2621
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
STRUCTURE 92.87 kb     9 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
MAPPING cloned N linked N status confirmed
Map cen - CYP2C18 - CYP2C19 - CYP2C9 - CYP2C8 - qter
Authors Gray (95), Finta (00)
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
9 - 4135 - 490 - 2004 15128046
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestiveliver     Homo sapiens
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Digestivehepatocyte Homo sapiens
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
conjugated HemoP
mono polymer monomer
HOMOLOGY
interspecies homolog to C.Elegans C12D6.7
Homologene
FAMILY
  • cytochrome P450 subfamily IIC
  • multigenic cytochrome P450 superfamily of mixed-function monooxygenases
  • CATEGORY enzyme , transport
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endoplasmic reticulum
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,microsome
    basic FUNCTION
  • involved in hydroxylation of mephenytoin and other xenobiotics (omeprazole)
  • cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that contributes significantly to metabolic clearance of several widely prescribed drugs
  • CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 are important drug-metabolizing enzymes and together metabolize approximately 20 p100 of therapeutically used drugs
  • CYP2C19 genotypes had significant impact on clopidogrel response and prognosis of patients with stroke
  • plays a role in the biotransformation of clinically relevant drugs as well as endogenous compounds, including sex hormones, which are known to be modulators of food intake and energy balance
  • is an important member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme super family and is responsible for clearing approximately 10p 100 of commonly used clinical drugs that undergo phase I metabolism
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS electron transport , detoxification
    PATHWAY
    metabolism drug
    signaling
    oxidative metabolism
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule cofactor, nucleotide,
    NADPH, heme
    protein
  • flavoprotein P450 oxidoreductase (POR)
  • 'master regulator' of CYP2C19 transcription could likely itself be a target of epigenetic control
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    induced by drugs,pesticides carcinogens
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) CYP2C19DM
    related resource Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Committee
    Susceptibility
  • to poor metabolizer phenotype
  • to essential tremor
  • to valproic acid-induced weight gain in epileptic females
  • to recurrence of cerebral ischemic stroke
  • to hypertension
  • Variant & Polymorphism SNP
  • increasing the risk of essential tremor
  • CYP2C19*17 allele corresponding to the extensive metabolizer phenotype was associated with anti-reflux surgery (ARS), following failed proton pump inhibitor medication treatment
  • two CYP2C19 variants (CYP2C19*3 and *35FS) had no detectable enzyme activity on methadone metabolism
  • relationship between the CYP2C19 polymorphism and VPA-induced weight gain in female patients with epilepsy
  • AA genotype and A allele of CYP2C19 G681A may be related to the occurrence and recurrence of cerebral ischemic stroke
  • AA genotype of rs10509676 was found more frequently in the hypertension group than in the control group
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
  • CYP2C19 polymorphism is associated with endometrisis and can be considered a potential biomarker of the disease
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS