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FLASH GENE
Symbol GSTM1 contributors: mct/pgu - updated : 29-05-2017
HGNC name glutathione S-transferase M1
HGNC id 4632
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
STRUCTURE 5.95 kb     8 Exon(s)
Genomic sequence alignment details
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
text structure two alleles GSTM1a and GSTM1b differing in position 172
MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
Map pter - D1S2792 - D1S2651 - GSTM1 - D1S221 - D1S2695 - cen
Authors Xu (98)
regionally located genes spacing approximately 20 kb apart
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
8 - 1266 - 218 - 2007 17880378
7 - 1155 - 181 - 2007 17880378
EXPRESSION
Type widely
constitutive of
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart    
Digestiveesophagus   highly
 stomach    
Nervousnerve   highly
Reproductivefemale systembreastmammary gland highly
Urinarykidney    
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Epithelialsecretoryglandularendocrine 
Muscularstriatumcardiac  
Muscularstriatumskeletal  
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
mono polymer homomer , dimer
HOMOLOGY
interspecies ortholog to Gstm1, Mus musculus
ortholog to Gstm1, Rattus norvegicus
ortholog to GSTM1, Pan troglodytes
Homologene
FAMILY
  • GST superfamily
  • mu family
  • CATEGORY enzyme , tumor suppressor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • conjugating reduced glutathione to a wide mumber of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles
  • playing a role in telomere attrition and subsequent telomerase activity in the cancer cells
  • absence of GSTM1 activity can be compensated for by the overexpression of GSTM2
  • CELLULAR PROCESS
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism other
    signaling
    metabolism of a broad range of xenobiotics and carcinogens
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein modifier of the GSTP1 gene in childhood asthma
    cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    ADRB2, FOLR3 and GSTM1 were upregulated in the monocytes of patients with early onset coronary artery disease
    tumoral     --low  
    significantly associated with favorable prognosis in Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD)
    Susceptibility
  • to endometrial cancer
  • to age-related hearing impairment
  • to acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia
  • to vitiligo
  • to head and neck cancer
  • predisposition for developing leukopenia
  • to lung cancer patients by tobacco smokers
  • to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
  • to idiopathic male infertility
  • to type-2 diabetes
  • Variant & Polymorphism other
  • idiopathic Parkinson's disease
  • null variants increasing the risk of acute lymphoid and myeloid leukemia
  • GSTM1 null type might be associated with vitiligo
  • GSTM1-null genotype associated with head and neck cancer
  • significant risk for lung cancer concerning tobacco smoking was found in the association of null genotypes for GSTM1 and GSTT1
  • rs1695 AG and the combined AG/GG genotypes were associated with decreased risk of NHL
  • null genotypes (GSTT1 and GSTM1) are a potential biomarker of predisposition for developing leukopenia
  • increased risk of GSTM1 or GSTT1 null genotypes for developing male infertility, but the nondeletion GSTM1 and GSTT1genotypes emerged as protective factors
  • GSTM1 null genotypes are associated with increased risk for senile cataract in Asian populations but not in Caucasian populations (
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS