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FLASH GENE
Symbol KAT2A contributors: shn/npt/pgu - updated : 06-03-2019
HGNC name K(lysine) acetyltransferase 2A
HGNC id 4201
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 8.29 kb     18 Exon(s)
MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
Map GCN5L2 has been mapped to 17q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization
regionally located cen - D17S800 - D17S1787 - KAT2A - D17S1802 - D17S1793 - qter
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
18 - 3127 95 837 - 2009 18936164
EXPRESSION
Type widely
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Cardiovascularheart   lowly
Digestiveintestinesmall intestine  moderately
Endocrinepancreas   moderately
Lymphoid/Immunespleen   moderately
 thymus   moderately
Nervousbrain   lowly
Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
 female systemplacenta  lowly
 male systemprostate  moderately
 male systemtestis  moderately
Respiratorylung   lowly
Urinarykidney   lowly
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Muscularstriatumskeletal moderately
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Blood/Hematopoieticleukocyte
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • an acetyltransferase domain
  • a bromadomain
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to yeast GCN5 general control of amino-acid synthesis 2
    ortholog to Kat2b, Danio rerio
    ortholog to Kat2b, Mus musculus
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • GNAT family
  • CATEGORY DNA associated , transcription factor
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION     intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytoskeleton,microtubule,mitotic spindle
    intracellular,nucleus,nucleoplasm
    intracellular,nucleus,chromatin/chromosome
    basic FUNCTION
  • transcriptional activator, having a mechanistic role in the repression of transcription following DNA damage
  • a significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones, but not with nucleosome core particles
  • enhancing the initial rate of RNA polymerase II mediated transcription
  • required with TRRAP for c-Myc to promote cell growth and transformation
  • may be required for cell survival and mesoderm formation during mammalian development
  • may implicated in P53 transactivation
  • participates in the ubiquitination process as an accessory factor for a ubiquitin ligase
  • modulates chromatin structure not only through the acetylation of histones, but also by directly acetylating SMARCA4
  • regulates the activation of PI3K/Akt survival pathway in B cells exposed to oxidative stress (exogenous H2O2) via controlling gene expressions of SYK and BTk
  • first identified transcription-related histone acetyltransferases that has been implicated in the regulation of diverse cellular functions
  • PTGES3 and KAT2A were required to maintain open chromatin regions along the genome indicating that dynamic protein behavior is a critical feature of various DNA-associated events
  • PTGES3 molecular chaperone works in conjunction with the KAT2A acetyltransferase to mediate the dynamics of heterologous protein-DNA complexes, which impact both RNA transcription and open chromatin processes
  • PTGES3 molecular chaperone and KAT2A acetyltransferase cooperate to modulate the stabilities of a wide range of protein-DNA complexes
  • plays a protective role in periodontitis through acetylation of DKK1
  • essential role for both KAT2A and retinoic acid (RA) signaling in early diencephalic development
  • plays important roles in multiple stages of T cell functions including development, clonal expansion, and differentiation
  • histone acetyltransferase essential for embryonic development, and required for proper expression of multiple genes encoding components of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway in early embryoid bodies (EBs)
  • stabilizes pluripotency with control of transcriptional heterogeneity
  • is a novel conserved TFEB regulator, and the regulatory mechanisms may be involved in autophagy- and lysosome-related physiological and pathological processes
  • CELLULAR PROCESS nucleotide, transcription, regulation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component part of the STAGA complex (SUPT3H-TAF9-KAT2A-TADA1-SUPT7L) that is a chromatin-acetylating transcription coactivator interacting with pre-mRNA splicing and DNA damage-binding factors
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • interacting with TADA2L
  • interacting with CHEK1 (function in the same pathway to regulate the transcription of cell-cycle genes and thus promote cell-cycle progression)
  • ADA2a and ADA2b
  • binds more avidly to RELA after phosphorylation on Ser 468, an event that is dependent on IKK activity
  • interacting with CDC6 (mediates acetylation and site-specific phosphorylation of CDC6, both necessary for the relocalization of the protein to the cell cytoplasm in the S phase, as well as to regulate its stability)
  • binds to the 5prime proximal regions of SYK and BTK genes, suggesting that gene expressions of SYK and BTK are regulated by KAT2A
  • NUT can interact with additional HAT enzymes such as KAT5 and KAT2A to induce the histone hyperacetylation on chromatin
  • WDHD1 having remarkable capability to regulate the stability of KAT2A proteins and thereby histone H3 acetylation
  • functional link between KAT2A and WDHD1 essential for KAT2A protein stability and histone H3 acetylation, but also a potential role of WDHD1 in cancer
  • DTL and WDHD1 play an essential role in the regulation of KAT2A protein stability
  • PTGES3 regulates both KAT2A acetylase and HSF1 DNA binding activities
  • HDAC3 regulates cyclin A stability by counteracting the action of the acetylases KAT2A/KAT2B
  • inhibition of KAT2A protein catalytic activity by polyglutamine-expanded ATXN7
  • SUPT20H-mediated suppression of KAT2A ubiquitination most likely occurs via nuclear sequestration of KAT2A
  • KAT2A and EBF1 participate in regulation of PRKCQ gene expression in an opposite manner in immature B cells
  • MYC interacts with the human STAGA coactivator complex via multivalent contacts with the KAT2A and TRRAP subunits
  • LAMTOR5 promotes the migration of breast cancer cells through modulating microtubule acetylation mediated by KAT2A
  • DDIT3 and KAT2A cooperatively up-regulate TNFRSF10A and TNFRSF10B
  • KAT2A regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting NFKB1
  • ORC5 associates with the H3 histone acetyl transferase KAT2A, and this association enhances the chromatin-opening function of ORC5
  • regulated DKK1 expression by acetylation of Histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and Histone H3 lysine 14 (H3K14) at its promoter region
  • KAT2A/KAT2B acetylation of PLK4 prevents centrosome amplification
  • link between KAT2A and the FGF signaling pathway and specific KAT2A-MYC partnerships in gene regulation during early differentiation
  • ERCC3 interacts functionally with KAT2A, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that belongs to the hSAGA and hATAC complexes
  • tight connection between GTFIIH1 and KAT2A that controls higher-order chromatin structure and gene expression
  • KAT2A is a specific TFEB acetyltransferase, and acetylation by KAT2A results in the decrease in TFEB transcriptional activity
  • KAT2A regulates ZBTB16 through acetylation, mediates osteogenic differentiation, and affects orthodontic tooth movement
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    enhanced the proangiogenic potency of osteoporotic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    immunologyautoimmune 
    may be an important new target for autoimmune disease therapy
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
    Gcn5l2-null mouse embryos died during embryogenesis