SF1 binding site and three activators protein-1 element, one insuline response element (SF1 increase SCP2 promoter activity)
two distinct initiation sites
MAPPING
cloned
Y
linked
status
confirmed
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS
type
messenger
identification
nb exons
type
bp
product
Protein
kDa
AA
specific expression
Year
Pubmed
16
-
2725
58.8
547
-
2008
18465878
isoform SCPx, proprotein having both thiolytic and SCP2 activities
is also partially, post-translationally cleaved to give a novel 45 kDa protein with thiolytic properties and SCP2 isoform 1
11
-
2150
34.8
322
-
2008
18465878
lacking one of the coding exons and containing an alternate 3' terminal exon compared to transcript variant 1, resulting in early transcription termination and a distinct 3' UTR
encoding SCPx isoform 2, which has a shorter and a distinct C-terminus compared to SCPx isoform 1
5
-
1428
13.2
143
-
2008
18465878
transcription initiation from a downstream promoter, hence lacking multiple 5' exons, compared to transcript variant 1
encoding SCP2 isoform 1, identical to the C-terminus of SCPx isoform 1 encoded by transcript variant 1
this isoform may be involved in the intracellular transport of sterols and may regulate steroidogenesis
5
-
1419
-
140
-
2008
18465878
using an alternate acceptor splice site for one of the coding exons, resulting in SCP2 isoform 2 that is missing 3 internal aa compared to SCP2 isoform 1
transcript variant 4 is supported by numerous ESTs, however, the encoded protein is only predicted
4
-
1298
4.5
59
-
2008
18465878
lacking a coding exon, resulting in a frameshift and early transcription termination in a downstream exon
encoding SCP2 isoform 3, that is shorter with a different C-terminus compared to SCP2 isoform 1
this variant is supported by numerous ESTs, however, the encoded protein is only predicted
15
-
2653
-
523
-
-
15
-
2593
-
503
-
-
15
-
2667
-
466
-
-
EXPRESSION
Type
ubiquitous
constitutive of
expressed in
(based on citations)
organ(s)
System
Organ level 1
Organ level 2
Organ level 3
Organ level 4
Level
Pubmed
Species
Stage
Rna symbol
Digestive
liver
highly
salivary gland
highly
Endocrine
neuroendocrine
pituitary
highly
Reproductive
female system
placenta
Urinary
bladder
highly
tissue
System
Tissue
Tissue level 1
Tissue level 2
Level
Pubmed
Species
Stage
Rna symbol
Blood / hematopoietic
bone marrow
highly
Connective
bone
Muscular
striatum
skeletal
cells
System
Cell
Pubmed
Species
Stage
Rna symbol
not specific
fibroblast
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period
pregnancy
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
an amino-terminal thiolase domain, and AA 1-32 amphipathic alpha-helical domain (cationic, positively charged face)
a carboxy-terminal sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) domain
isoforms
Precursor
encoded as a precursor protein (proSCP-2) (Martin 2008) N-terminal presequence in regulating SCP-2 structure, cholesterol localization within the ligand binding site, membrane association, and, potentially, intracellular targeting.
cytoplasmic in the liver and also associated with mitochondria especially in steroidogenic tissues
isoform SCPx resides in the peroxisome
basic FUNCTION
SCPx isoform is a peroxisomal thiolase cleaving 2-methyl branched chains mediating intracellular cholesterol in steroidogenic tissues
facilitates cholesterol (Ch) and phospholipid (PL) transfer/exchange between membranes and appears to play a key role in intracellular lipid trafficking
playing a role in intracellular phosphatidylinositol transfer, distribution, and signaling
enhances cholesterol retention within the cell as well as regulates the distribution of signaling lipids, such as phosphoinositides and sphingolipids, at plasma membrane caveolae
FABP1 and SCP2 facilitate the preferential movement of HDL-associated cholesteryl esters (HDL-CEs) to bile for final elimination