Selected-GenAtlas references SOURCE GeneCards NCBI Gene Swiss-Prot Ensembl
HGNC UniGene Nucleotide OMIM UCSC
Home Page
FLASH GENE
Symbol CD14 contributors: shn/mct - updated : 07-04-2020
HGNC name CD14 molecule
HGNC id 1628
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 1.97 kb     3 Exon(s)
10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
regulatory sequence Promoter (CAAT box)
Binding site
text structure
  • SP1 binding site, CCAT/enhancer binding site
  • regulation of CD14 promoter by LGR4 is mediated by the PKA-CREB pathway
  • MAPPING cloned Y linked   status confirmed
    Map cen -D5S2009 - D5S2116 - CD14 - D5S2119 - D5S2119 - qter
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    - - - 13 - - 2019 31470804
  • consists of the N-terminal 13 Kda fragment of the CD14 protein
  • is a promising diagnostic biomarker for adult sepsis
  • 1 splicing 1648 55 375 - 2013 23589304
    1 splicing 1561 55 375 - 2013 23589304
    1 splicing 1661 55 375 - 2013 23589304
    1 splicing 1540 55 375 - 2013 23589304
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Digestiveliver   highly
    Nervousgangliasensory gangliadorsal root  
     nerve   highly
     spinal cord    
    Reproductivefemale systemovary  highly
     female systemplacenta  highly
    tissue
    SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood / Hematopoieticbone marrow   
    Epithelialbarrier liningendothelium   Homo sapiens
    Nervouscentral   
    Nervousperipherous   
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticmonocyte Homo sapiens
    Blood/Hematopoieticneutrophil Homo sapiens
    Cardiovascularendothelial cell Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunedendritic cell Homo sapiens
    Lymphoid/Immunemacrophage Homo sapiens
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    physiological period pregnancy
    Text placenta
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • 11 leucine rich repeats
  • a region spanning amino acids 57-64 critical for interacting with TLR2 and enhancing TLR2-mediated peptidoglycan signaling
  • conjugated GlycoP
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies ortholog to Cd14, Mus musculus
    ortholog to Cd14, Rattus norvegicus
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY antigen , receptor membrane
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        plasma membrane
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
    intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,endosome
    intracellular,cytoplasm,cytosolic,granule
    text attached to the membrane by a GPI-anchor
    basic FUNCTION
  • functional receptor for peptidoglycan
  • receptor for bacterial liposaccharides, recruiting LPS to TLR proteins and inducing a liposaccharide signaling pathway
  • involved in the clearance of apoptotic cells
  • regulator of IgE levels
  • enhancing Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-mediated signaling in response to peptidoglycan
  • plays a major role in the inflammatory response of monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
  • critical regulator of the microglial inflammatory response that acts to modulate betta-amyloid deposition
  • CD14 modulates adipose tissue inflammatory activity and insulin resistance 1)
  • is a monocytic differentiation antigen that regulates innate immune responses to pathogens
  • stimulation of a local CD14-independent chemokine induction pathway without triggering a systemic CD14-dependent chemokine pathway can protect against severe E. coli infections
  • plays a very important role in transferring LPS from LPS-binding protein to TLR4, which was regarded as the initiation of TLR4 signaling
  • is a key organizer of microglial responses to CNS infection and injury
  • function of the innate immune response by CD14 is crucial during biliary infection and stricture formation
  • new roles for CD14 and IL1B linking inflammatory dendritic cells to IL17A production in memory CD4+ T cells
  • is a key mediator of both lysophosphatidic acid and lipopolysaccharide induction of foam cell formation
  • cell surface glycoprotein, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors
  • is a monocyte/macrophage pattern-recognition receptor that modulates innate inflammatory signaling
  • CD14 expression on macrophages is necessary for airway inflammation but not for viral pathogenesis in allergic hosts
  • CD14 might play an important role in self-remission of gout
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, antiapoptosis
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS immunity/defense
    text innate immunity
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    MAP kinase and NF-kappa B pathway
    a component component of a complex with TLR4 and LY96 binding LPS and trafficking to Golgi apparatus to plasma membrane
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • Mac-2-binding protein, Mac-2-BP
  • Toll-like receptor 2, TLR2
  • lactoferrin, LTF
  • ceramide, CD55, Fcgamma-receptors CD32, CD64 and the pentaspan CD47
  • lipopolysaccharide, LPS and lipopolysaccharide binding protein, LBP
  • in gastric cancer CD14 promoted tumor cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion through TNF
  • CD14 mediates binding of high doses of LPS but is dispensable for TNF production
  • CD14 is an endogenous ligand for CD33 and ligation of CD33 with CD14 modulates with the presentation of LPS from CD14 to TLR4, leading to down-regulation of TLR4-mediated signaling
  • CD14 is a co-receptor of TLR4 in the S100A9-induced cytokine response
  • LGALS4 could bind to CD14 on monocytes and induce their differentiation into macrophage-like cells through the MAPK signaling pathway
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    in preterm infants with Early-onset sepsis (EOS) compared with uninfected infants
    tumoral     --other  
    dysfunction in the CD14/TLR4 antagonism may contribute to normal epithelial transition to colonic carcinogenesis
    Susceptibility
  • severe chronic periodontitis
  • to Crohn disease (in association with CARD15)
  • to IgA nephropathy in progression
  • to laryngeal cancer
  • to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
  • Variant & Polymorphism
  • 159 TT allele and1359G:/T increases this risk of Crohn disease
  • T159C associated to IgA nephropathy in progression
  • genetic variation of CD14, rs5744455, is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer
  • CD14 C (-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development
  • Candidate gene
    Marker
  • presepsin could be a useful biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis, also for pediatric sepsis
  • plasma soluble CD14 level might be a potential biomarker in prediction of asthma severity in adults
  • presepsin could be a useful biomarker of sepsis secondary to fungal infections
  • is a valuable biomarker to detect patients with acute pyelonephritis
  • Therapy target
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • CD14-deficient miceare highly resistant to shock induced by either live Gram-negative bacteria or LPS and show dramatically reduced levels of bacteremia
  • Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from CD14-/- mice exhibited impaired responses to polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (pIpC) and reduced production of inflammatory cytokines
  • mice lacking CD14 exhibited reduced insoluble, but not soluble, levels of betta-amyloid at 7 months of age and have a significant change in the inflammatory environment of the brain