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FLASH GENE
Symbol IL13 contributors: mct - updated : 28-11-2016
HGNC name interleukin 13
HGNC id 5973
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
SPECIAL FEATURE component of a cluster
text
  • clustered with IL3, IL5, IL4, and CSF2, particularly close to IL4
  • STRUCTURE 2.94 kb     4 Exon(s)
    10 Kb 5' upstream gene genomic sequence study
    text structure the coordinate regulator (LCR) of IL4, IL13 and IL5 is a 0.4kb sequence which is located in the intergenic region between IL4 and IL13 (Loots 00)
    MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
    RNA
    TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
    identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
    ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
    4 - 1282 - 146 - 2000 1075311
    EXPRESSION
    Type widely
       expressed in (based on citations)
    organ(s)
    SystemOrgan level 1Organ level 2Organ level 3Organ level 4LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Nervousbrain   predominantly
    Reproductivemale systemtestis  predominantly
    cells
    SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
    Blood/Hematopoieticeosinophil
    Lymphoid/Immuneactivated B lymphocyte
    cell lineage
    cell lines
    fluid/secretion
    at STAGE
    PROTEIN
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    STRUCTURE
    motifs/domains
  • a 34 aa signal peptide (3.5 kda)
  • conjugated GlycoP
    isoforms Precursor a 98 amino acids mature peptide (10.6 kda)
    HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to rattus Il13 (65,08 pc)
    homolog to murine Il13 (60,63 pc)
    Homologene
    FAMILY
  • interleukin family
  • IL-4/IL-13 family
  • CATEGORY immunity/defense , signaling cytokine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
        intracellular
    intracellular,cytoplasm
    basic FUNCTION
  • important switch factor directing Ig-E synthesis
  • acting as an immunoregulatory and effector cytokine in allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma
  • synergizing with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis
  • may be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses
  • involved in several stages of B-cell maturation and differentiation
  • up-regulating CD23 and MHC class II expression
  • promoting IgE isotype switching of B cells
  • down-regulating macrophage activity
  • inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines
  • triggers microglial NADPH oxidase-derived oxidative stress, leading to the degeneration of hippocampal neurons, as occurs in cases of Alzheimer disease
  • inhibition of matrix metalloproteinas-3 (MMP-3) synthetis in fibroblasts
  • induce the death of activated microglia
  • involved in excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (EMC) proteins in giant papillae
  • IL10 and IL13 play important roles in Th2 cell differentiation and production of autoantibodies in patients with (SLE)
  • central role for the IL13/IL13RA1 pathway in the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell Cl(-) secretion via up-regulation of CFTR, suggesting an important role for this pathway in secretory diarrhea
  • induces phosphorylation of Src Tyrosine Kinase in primary monocytes
  • induces HCK tyrosine phosphorylation in alternatively activated monocytes/macrophages, suggesting that HCK may be involved in IL13 signal transduction in monocytes
  • IL4 and IL13 prime the migrational response of haemopoietic progenitor cells to CXCL12 by enhancing the incorporation of CXCR4 into lipid rafts
  • central mediator of airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus expression, both hallmarks of asthma
  • IL13 and IL4R may play an important role in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma
  • IL13 and IL4 can uniquely affect the expression of particular genes such as DUSP1 and TIMP33 and do so through different Jaks
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell migration & motility
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS inflammation
    text cell motility
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling signal transduction
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • IL4 receptor alpha chain
  • IL4, IL9, IL13 may increase CLCA1 expression in cystic fibrosis but may not have a significant effect on mucus expression
  • CCL26 is a functional ligand for CCR3 and abundantly produced by IL4-/IL13-stimulated vascular endothelial cells
  • CCL5 may contribute to modulation of I-13 production and F2R expression in mast cells, through which participates in the mast cell related inflammation
  • novel role of IL4/IL13-induced DUOX1 expression in making a positive feedback loop for IL4/IL13 signaling in keratinocytes
  • inducing repression of STAT6 inhibited expression of SPDEF and MUC5AC
  • CREB1 gene silencing decreased IL13-induced transcription of eotaxin-3 (CCL26)
  • SRC activity is required for IL13-induced STAT1 and STAT3 Ser-727 phosphorylation
  • thyroid hydrogen peroxide production is enhanced by the Th2 cytokines, IL4 and IL13, through increased expression of the DUOX2 and its maturation factor DUOXA2
  • TYK2 controls STAT1 and STAT6 activation in response to IL13 stimulation
  • ITGAM regulates IL13 activity in macrophages by directly interacting with IL13RA1
  • IL4 and IL13, are critical factors for the induction of CCL26 in the pancreas
  • autophagy regulates DUOX1 localization and superoxide production in airway epithelial cells during chronic IL13 stimulation
  • CISH plays a key role in the eosinophilic inflammation associated with bronchial asthma by regulating IL13-induced CCL26 production
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by PDGFA that activates the proximal 980-bp region of the IL13 promoter
    oxidant signaling (activates IL13 gene transcription in lung smooth muscle cells and this signaling mechanism regulates cell growth)
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s) APY10
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    DNA hypomethylation leads to IL10 and IL13 overexpression in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
    Susceptibility APY10
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    allergyasthm 
    attractive drug target for treating asthma
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS