SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION
| plasma membrane
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| intracellular
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,membrane
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| intracellular,cytoplasm,organelle,Golgi
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text
| predominantly plasma membrane |
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distributed in both plasma membranes and the Golgi apparatus, but posttranslational modification is important for determination of the subcellular localization |
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localizes both at the Golgi and the plasma membrane |
basic FUNCTION
| SGMS1, SGMS2 are capable of regulating the formation of DAG in cells, this pool of DAG is biologically active, and SGMS1 and SGMS2 are directly implicated as regulators of DAG-binding proteins in the Golgi apparatus |
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displays dual activity as ceramide phosphoethanolamine synthase |
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catalyzes the transfer of phosphocholine from phosphatidylcholine to ceramide for sphingomyelin synthesis |
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acting as a bidirectional lipid cholinephosphotransferase capable of converting phosphatidylcholine (PC) and ceramide to sphingomyelin (SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) and vice versa |
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required for cell growth |
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SGMS1 and SGMS2 are capable of regulating trans golgi network-mediated protein trafficking and secretion, functions that are compatible with PKD being a down-stream target for SGMSs in the Golgi |
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SGMS1 and SGMS2 play distinct roles in regulating local SM (Sphingomyelin)clustering |
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SGMS2, rather than SGMS1, is likely to be the major enzyme that is important for SM synthesis in the long neurites and its tip, the growth cone |