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FLASH GENE
Symbol OSTN contributors: mct/npt - updated : 10-01-2024
HGNC name osteocrin
HGNC id 29961
DNA
TYPE functioning gene
STRUCTURE 37.59 kb     3 Exon(s)
MAPPING cloned Y linked N status provisional
RNA
TRANSCRIPTS type messenger
identificationnb exonstypebpproduct
ProteinkDaAAspecific expressionYearPubmed
3 - 402 - 133 - 2023 37023616
EXPRESSION
Type restricted
   expressed in (based on citations)
organ(s)
tissue
SystemTissueTissue level 1Tissue level 2LevelPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Connectivebone   
Muscularstriatumskeletal highly
cells
SystemCellPubmedSpeciesStageRna symbol
Muscularmyocyte
cell lineage
cell lines
fluid/secretion
at STAGE
physiological period neonatal
Text expression peaking just after birth and decreasing markedly with age
PROTEIN
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
STRUCTURE
motifs/domains
  • NH(2)-terminal 30-amino acid signal sequence
  • a region homologous to natriuretic peptide family
  • KKKR, a putative serine protease cleavage site, similar to the natriuretic peptide family
  • HOMOLOGY
    interspecies homolog to murine Ostn
    Homologene
    FAMILY
    CATEGORY signaling cytokine
    SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION extracellular
    basic FUNCTION
  • acting as a soluble osteoblast regulator
  • skeletal muscle-derived secretory factor playing a physiological in glucose metabolism
  • plays a role in the resistance of fast-glycolytic myofibers to the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake
  • playing a role as a specific NPR3 ligand capable of modulating local levels of C natriuretic peptide and its effects on skeletal development
  • naturally occurring ligand of the NPR3 clearance receptor and may act to locally modulate the actions of the natriuretic system in bone by blocking the clearance action of NPR3, thus locally elevating levels of C-type natriuretic peptide (Moffatt 2007)
  • musclin is involved in hypertension
  • enhances physical endurance by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis
  • is a muscle-secreted cytokine that disrupts glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetes
  • acts as a novel exercise-responsive myokine and is implicated in various cardiac diseases
  • OSTN protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) via restoring PRKG1-dependent proteasomal activity
  • periosteal-osteoblast-derived secretory peptide, Osteocrin (OSTN), is a mechanotransducer involved in load-induced long bone growth
  • crucial role of OSTN as a mechanotransducer converting mechanical loading to NPPC-dependent bone formation
  • OSTN enhances the abundance of C-type natriuretic peptide (NPPC), thereby promoting cardiomyocyte contractility through protein kinase A and inhibiting fibroblast activation through protein kinase G signaling
  • is likely a negative regulator of adipose thermogenesis
  • CELLULAR PROCESS cell life, differentiation
    PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS
    PATHWAY
    metabolism
    signaling
    a component
    INTERACTION
    DNA
    RNA
    small molecule
    protein
  • naturally occurring ligand of the natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR3) clearance receptor and may act to locally modulate the actions of the natriuretic system in bone by blocking the clearance action of NPR3, thus locally elevating levels of C-type natriuretic peptide
  • could interact with the natriuretic peptide (NP) receptors, thereby modulating NP actions on the skeleton and binds specifically and saturably to the NP peptide receptor-C (NPR3 receptor) (Moffatt 2007)
  • CEBPB binds directly to the promoter of OSTN and upregulates its expression
  • OSTN binds to natriuretic peptide receptor 3 (NPR3) in periosteal osteoprogenitors, thereby preventing NPR3-mediated clearance of NPPC and consequently facilitating NPPC-signal-mediated bone growth
  • role for SP7 and its target gene OSTN in osteocytogenesis, revealing that pathways that control osteocyte development influence human bone diseases
  • cell & other
    REGULATION
    activated by palmitate that increases musclin gene expression via the activation of the PERK signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes
    repressed by FOXO1 (which should explain insulin-mediated upregulation of this gene in muscle cells )
    Other regulated by vitamin D
    regulated by nutritional changes, and by nutritional status (insulin is one of the factors implicated in the mediation of the regulation of musclin by nutritional status )
    ASSOCIATED DISORDERS
    corresponding disease(s)
    Other morbid association(s)
    TypeGene ModificationChromosome rearrangementProtein expressionProtein Function
    constitutional     --over  
    induces insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
    Susceptibility
    Variant & Polymorphism
    Candidate gene
    Marker
    Therapy target
    SystemTypeDisorderPubmed
    cardiovascularaquiredheart failure
    augmentation of OSTN might serve as therapeutic strategy
    diabetetype 1 
    is a promising therapeutic target to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM)
    miscelleaneoushypertension 
    is a novel target for treatment of hypertension
    ANIMAL & CELL MODELS
  • continuous infusion of the peptide Ostn, an endogenous ligand of Npr3 secreted by bone and muscle cells, lowered blood pressure in wild-type mice, suggesting that endogenous natriuretic peptides play major roles in the regulation of blood pressure